Beldean-Galea Mihail Simion, Herghelegiu Mihaela-Cătălina, Pănescu Vlad-Alexandru, Vial Jérôme, Bruzzoniti Maria Concetta, Coman Maria-Virginia
Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Babeș-Bolyai University, 30 Fântânele Str., RO-400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
"Raluca Ripan" Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babeş-Bolyai University, 30 Fântânele Str., RO-400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Molecules. 2025 Feb 22;30(5):1016. doi: 10.3390/molecules30051016.
Beta-blockers are pharmaceuticals used to treat cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, angina pectoris, and arrhythmia. Due to high consumption, they are continuously released into the environment, being detected in many aqueous matrices. The aim of this research is to test the effectiveness of two green liquid-phase microextraction procedures, such as dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and solidification of floating organic droplet microextraction (SFOME) for the selective extraction of eight beta-blockers (atenolol, nadolol, pindolol, acebutolol, metoprolol, bisoprolol, propranolol, and betaxolol) from aqueous matrices for their analysis by gas chromatography (GC) or liquid chromatography (LC). The influence of extraction parameters, such as the type and volume of extraction and disperser solvents, and ionic strength were studied. The developed extraction procedures provide a good enrichment factor for six compounds (61.22-243.97), good extraction recovery (53.04-92.1%), and good sample cleaning for both extraction procedures. Good limits of detection (0.13 to 0.69 µg/mL for GC and 0.07 to 0.15 µg/mL for HPLC) and limits of quantification (0.39 to 2.10 µg/mL for GC and 0.20 to 0.45 µg/mL for LC) were obtained. The developed procedures were successfully applied to the analysis of selected beta-blockers in wastewater samples, proving their applicability to the real samples.
β受体阻滞剂是用于治疗心血管疾病（如高血压、心绞痛和心律失常）的药物。由于其消耗量高，它们不断释放到环境中，并在许多水相基质中被检测到。本研究的目的是测试两种绿色液相微萃取方法的有效性，即分散液液微萃取（DLLME）和漂浮有机液滴固化微萃取（SFOME），用于从水相基质中选择性萃取八种β受体阻滞剂（阿替洛尔、纳多洛尔、吲哚洛尔、醋丁洛尔、美托洛尔、比索洛尔、普萘洛尔和倍他洛尔），以便通过气相色谱（GC）或液相色谱（LC）进行分析。研究了萃取参数的影响，如萃取溶剂和分散剂溶剂的类型和体积以及离子强度。所开发的萃取方法对六种化合物具有良好的富集因子（61.22 - 243.97）、良好的萃取回收率（53.04 - 92.1%），并且两种萃取方法都具有良好的样品净化效果。获得了良好的检测限（GC为0.13至0.69 µg/mL，HPLC为0.07至0.15 µg/mL）和定量限（GC为0.39至2.10 µg/mL，LC为0.20至0.45 µg/mL）。所开发的方法成功应用于废水样品中选定β受体阻滞剂的分析，证明了它们对实际样品的适用性。
