Mitrović Darko, Zaklan Dragana, Đanić Maja, Stanimirov Bojan, Stankov Karmen, Al-Salami Hani, Pavlović Nebojša
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Molecules. 2025 Mar 6;30(5):1181. doi: 10.3390/molecules30051181.
Nano-drug delivery systems provide targeted solutions for addressing various drug delivery challenges, leveraging nanotechnology to enhance drug solubility and permeability. Liposomes, explored for several decades, face hurdles, especially in oral delivery. Bile-acid stabilized vesicles (bilosomes) are flexible lipid vesicles, composed of phospholipids or other surfactants, along with amphiphilic bile salts, and they show superior stability and pharmacokinetic behavior in comparison to conventional vesicular systems (liposomes and niosomes). Bilosomes enhance skin penetration, fluidize the stratum corneum, and improve drug stability. In oral applications, bilosomes overcome drawbacks, offering improved bioavailability, controlled release, and reduced side effects. Vaccines using bilosomes demonstrate efficacy, and bilosomes for intranasal, inhalation, ocular, and buccal applications enhance drug delivery, offering targeted, efficient, and controlled activities. Formulations vary based on active substances and optimization techniques, showcasing the versatility and potential of bilosomes across diverse drug delivery routes. Therefore, the aim of this comprehensive review was to critically explore the state-of-the-art of bilosomes in drug delivery and potential therapeutic applications.
纳米药物递送系统利用纳米技术提高药物的溶解度和渗透性，为解决各种药物递送挑战提供了有针对性的解决方案。脂质体虽已研究了几十年，但仍面临诸多障碍，尤其是在口服给药方面。胆汁酸稳定的囊泡（双分子层脂质囊泡）是一种灵活的脂质囊泡，由磷脂或其他表面活性剂以及两亲性胆汁盐组成，与传统的囊泡系统（脂质体和非离子表面活性剂囊泡）相比，它们表现出卓越的稳定性和药代动力学行为。双分子层脂质囊泡可增强皮肤渗透性，使角质层流化，并提高药物稳定性。在口服应用中，双分子层脂质囊泡克服了缺点，具有提高生物利用度、控释和减少副作用的优点。使用双分子层脂质囊泡的疫苗显示出有效性，用于鼻内、吸入、眼部和口腔应用的双分子层脂质囊泡可增强药物递送，具有靶向、高效和可控的活性。制剂会根据活性物质和优化技术而有所不同，这展示了双分子层脂质囊泡在不同药物递送途径中的多功能性和潜力。因此，这篇综述的目的是批判性地探讨双分子层脂质囊泡在药物递送和潜在治疗应用方面的最新进展。
