Brancato Alice Maria, Caliogna Laura, Compagnoni Alessandra Monzio, Cornella Elena, Torriani Camilla, Berni Micaela, Felice Liliana De, Jannelli Eugenio, Mosconi Mario, Pasta Gianluigi
Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Mar 4;26(5):2282. doi: 10.3390/ijms26052282.
Hemophilic arthropathy (HA) is a complication of hemophilia, which is a genetic disorder characterized by a deficiency in blood clotting factors. HA is characterized by joint damage with inflammatory responses, pain, and movement limitations due to recurrent bleeding in the joints. The inflammatory reactions contribute to the activation of coagulation factors, which can exacerbate bleeding and further damage the affected joints. Therefore, the interaction between inflammation and coagulation plays a crucial role in the progression and complications of HA. Management strategies often focus both on inflammation and coagulation to alleviate symptoms and preserve joint function. Temperature can influence the inflammatory response and coagulation. The aim of this work was to understand how temperature management can positively or negatively influence the HA. We have carried out a narrative review of the available literature. This review explores the impacts of temperature on biological processes, and it discusses the possible clinical implications for the HA treatment. Our research shows that cold exposure has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, while heat is linked to pro-inflammatory cytokine release. Both hot and cold treatments are ill-advised for hemophilia patients. Heat stimulates neo-angiogenesis, and cold hampers coagulation, posing risks for increased bleeding in individuals with hemophilia.
血友病性关节病（HA）是血友病的一种并发症，血友病是一种遗传性疾病，其特征是血液凝固因子缺乏。HA的特点是关节损伤伴有炎症反应、疼痛以及由于关节反复出血导致的活动受限。炎症反应会促使凝血因子激活，进而加重出血并进一步损害受累关节。因此，炎症与凝血之间的相互作用在HA的进展和并发症中起着关键作用。治疗策略通常侧重于炎症和凝血两方面，以缓解症状并保留关节功能。温度会影响炎症反应和凝血。这项工作的目的是了解温度管理如何对HA产生积极或消极影响。我们对现有文献进行了叙述性综述。本综述探讨了温度对生物过程的影响，并讨论了其对HA治疗可能的临床意义。我们的研究表明，暴露于寒冷有抗炎和镇痛作用，而热与促炎细胞因子释放有关。对于血友病患者，冷热治疗均不建议采用。热刺激新血管生成，冷阻碍凝血，这会给血友病患者带来出血增加的风险。
