Li Yu-Ching, Hwang Jiun-Ren, Fung Chin-Ping
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320317, Taiwan.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Asia Eastern University of Science and Technology, New Taipei City 220303, Taiwan.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Feb 21;18(5):973. doi: 10.3390/ma18050973.
Miniscrews are used in orthodontic treatment and can be applied immediately after implantation, making their initial stability crucial. However, clinical reports show that the success rate is not 100%, and many researchers have tried to identify the factors influencing success and optimize designs. A review of the literature reveals that studies on the same geometric parameter of miniscrews using different indicators and different brand samples have led to conflicting results. This study will use consistent miniscrew conditions to verify whether the design differences in the literature are reasonable. This study employs the Taguchi method and ANOVA for optimization analysis. The four control factors comprise thread pitch, thread depth, tip taper angle, and self-tapping notch. Using an L9(3) orthogonal array, the experimental models are reduced to nine. The primary stability indicators for the miniscrew include bending strength, pull-out strength, insertion torque, and self-tapping performance. The results of the single-objective experiments in this study align with the findings from the other literature. However, when analyzed collectively, they do not yield the same optimal solution. Under equal weighting, the combined multi-objective optimal solution is A2B2C1D1. This study exhibits minimal experimental error, ensuring high analytical reliability. The findings confirm that the optimal design does not converge across four single-objective analyses, as different stability indicators yield contradictory trends in design parameters. Given that these four indicators already demonstrate notable discrepancies, the influence of additional stability factors would be even more pronounced. Therefore, a multi-objective optimization approach is essential for the rational design of miniscrews.
微型螺钉用于正畸治疗，植入后可立即使用，因此其初始稳定性至关重要。然而，临床报告显示成功率并非100%，许多研究人员试图找出影响成功的因素并优化设计。文献综述表明，使用不同指标和不同品牌样本对微型螺钉的同一几何参数进行研究，结果相互矛盾。本研究将使用一致的微型螺钉条件来验证文献中的设计差异是否合理。本研究采用田口方法和方差分析进行优化分析。四个控制因素包括螺距、螺深、尖端锥角和自攻缺口。使用L9(3)正交阵列，将实验模型简化为九个。微型螺钉的主要稳定性指标包括抗弯强度、拔出强度、插入扭矩和自攻性能。本研究单目标实验的结果与其他文献的研究结果一致。然而，综合分析时，它们并未得出相同的最优解。在等权重情况下，组合多目标最优解为A2B2C1D1。本研究的实验误差极小，确保了较高的分析可靠性。研究结果证实，在四个单目标分析中，最优设计并不收敛，因为不同的稳定性指标在设计参数上呈现出相互矛盾的趋势。鉴于这四个指标已经显示出显著差异，其他稳定性因素的影响将更加明显。因此，多目标优化方法对于微型螺钉的合理设计至关重要。
