Nastasijevic Ivan, Kundacina Ivana, Jaric Stefan, Pavlovic Zoran, Radovic Marko, Radonic Vasa
Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology, Kacanskog 13, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
University of Novi Sad, Biosense Institute, Dr Zorana Djindjica 1a, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Foods. 2025 Feb 22;14(5):744. doi: 10.3390/foods14050744.
Biosensors are innovative and cost-effective analytical devices that integrate biological recognition elements (bioreceptors) with transducers to detect specific substances (biomolecules), providing a high sensitivity and specificity for the rapid and accurate point-of-care (POC) quantitative detection of selected biomolecules. In the meat production chain, their application has gained attention due to the increasing demand for enhanced food safety, quality assurance, food fraud detection, and regulatory compliance. Biosensors can detect foodborne pathogens (, , Shiga-toxin-producing /STEC, , etc.), spoilage bacteria and indicators, contaminants (pesticides, dioxins, and mycotoxins), antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance genes, hormones (growth promoters and stress hormones), and metabolites (acute-phase proteins as inflammation markers) at different modules along the meat chain, from livestock farming to packaging in the farm-to-fork (F2F) continuum. By providing real-time data from the meat chain, biosensors enable early interventions, reducing the health risks (foodborne outbreaks) associated with contaminated meat/meat products or sub-standard meat products. Recent advancements in micro- and nanotechnology, microfluidics, and wireless communication have further enhanced the sensitivity, specificity, portability, and automation of biosensors, making them suitable for on-site field applications. The integration of biosensors with blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT) systems allows for acquired data integration and management, while their integration with artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) enables rapid data processing, analytics, and input for risk assessment by competent authorities. This promotes transparency and traceability within the meat chain, fostering consumer trust and industry accountability. Despite biosensors' promising potential, challenges such as scalability, reliability associated with the complexity of meat matrices, and regulatory approval are still the main challenges. This review provides a broad overview of the most relevant aspects of current state-of-the-art biosensors' development, challenges, and opportunities for prospective applications and their regular use in meat safety and quality monitoring, clarifying further perspectives.
生物传感器是创新且具有成本效益的分析设备，它将生物识别元件（生物受体）与换能器集成在一起，以检测特定物质（生物分子），为选定生物分子的快速、准确的即时（POC）定量检测提供高灵敏度和特异性。在肉类生产链中，由于对加强食品安全、质量保证、食品欺诈检测和法规合规性的需求不断增加，其应用受到了关注。生物传感器可以在肉类链的不同环节，从畜牧养殖到从农场到餐桌（F2F）连续过程中的包装，检测食源性病原体（如大肠杆菌、产志贺毒素大肠杆菌等）、腐败细菌和指示菌、污染物（农药、二恶英和霉菌毒素）、抗生素、抗微生物耐药基因、激素（生长促进剂和应激激素）以及代谢物（作为炎症标志物的急性期蛋白）。通过提供肉类链的实时数据，生物传感器能够进行早期干预，降低与受污染肉类/肉类产品或不合格肉类产品相关的健康风险（食源性疾病暴发）。微纳技术、微流控和无线通信方面的最新进展进一步提高了生物传感器的灵敏度、特异性、便携性和自动化程度，使其适用于现场实地应用。生物传感器与区块链和物联网（IoT）系统的集成允许对获取的数据进行集成和管理，而它们与人工智能（AI）和机器学习（ML）的集成能够实现快速的数据处理、分析，并为主管当局的风险评估提供输入。这促进了肉类链中的透明度和可追溯性，增强了消费者信任和行业问责制。尽管生物传感器具有广阔的潜力，但诸如可扩展性、与肉类基质复杂性相关的可靠性以及监管批准等挑战仍然是主要挑战。本综述广泛概述了当前最先进的生物传感器发展的最相关方面、挑战以及预期应用的机会，以及它们在肉类安全和质量监测中的常规使用，阐明了进一步的前景。
