Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China.
ACS Nano. 2024 Oct 1;18(39):26891-26901. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.4c08323. Epub 2024 Sep 17.
Field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors based on nanomaterials are promising in the areas of food safety and early disease diagnosis due to their ultrahigh sensitivity and rapid response. However, most academically developed FET biosensors lack real-world reproducibility and comprehensive methodological validation to meet the standards of regulatory bodies. Here, highly uniform and well-packaged semiconducting carbon nanotube (CNT) FET biosensor chips were developed and assessed for the plug-and-play sensing for the rapid and highly sensitive detection of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in real food samples to meet international standards. In order to meet the requirements for reproducibility and stability, a scalable residual-free passivation and packaging process was developed for CNT FET biosensors. Portable detection systems were then constructed for on-site detection. The resulting packaged chips were functionalized with nucleic aptamers to enable highly selective detection of AFB1 in food samples with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.55 fg/mL (standard) for AFB1 and cross-reactivity coefficients to interferences as low as 1.8 × 10 in simulated solutions. Utilizing the portable detection system, on-site real food detection was achieved with a rapid response time less than 60 s, and LOD of 0.25 pg/kg (standard) in complex corn sample matrices. Single-blind tests demonstrated the ability of the chips to detect AFB1-positive food with 100% accuracy, using a set of 30 peanut samples. Validation experiments confirmed that the detection range, stability, and repeatability met international standards. This study showcased the accuracy, reliability, and potential practical applications of CNT FET biosensor chips in areas such as food safety and rapid biomedical testing.
基于纳米材料的场效应晶体管（FET）生物传感器在食品安全和早期疾病诊断等领域具有广阔的应用前景，因为它们具有超高的灵敏度和快速的响应速度。然而，大多数学术研究开发的 FET 生物传感器缺乏实际可重复性和全面的方法学验证，无法满足监管机构的标准。在这里，我们开发了高度均匀且封装良好的半导体碳纳米管（CNT）FET 生物传感器芯片，并对其进行了评估，用于即插即用式传感，以实现对实际食品样本中黄曲霉毒素 B1（AFB1）的快速、高灵敏度检测，以达到国际标准。为了满足重现性和稳定性的要求，我们开发了一种可扩展的无残留钝化和封装工艺，用于 CNT FET 生物传感器。然后构建了便携式检测系统，用于现场检测。所得封装芯片用核酸适体进行功能化，使生物传感器能够在食品样本中高度选择性地检测 AFB1，其检测限（LOD）为 0.55 fg/mL（标准），对干扰物的交叉反应系数低至 1.8×10-3。利用便携式检测系统，在现场对实际食品进行检测时，响应时间小于 60 s，在复杂的玉米样本基质中的 LOD 为 0.25 pg/kg（标准）。在 30 份花生样本的单盲测试中，展示了芯片检测 AFB1 阳性食品的准确率达到 100%。验证实验证实，检测范围、稳定性和重复性均符合国际标准。本研究展示了 CNT FET 生物传感器芯片在食品安全和快速生物医学检测等领域的准确性、可靠性和潜在的实际应用。
