中国北方1099只野生动物和273头进口放牧驴中微小隐孢子虫的遗传多样性

Genetic diversity of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in 1099 wild animals and 273 imported pastured donkeys in northern China.

作者信息

Wang Ziqi, Cui Nannan, Zhang Jia, Jiang Zhixian, Song Ruiqi, Tan Wenbo, Yang Meihua, Hornok Sándor, Wang Yuanzhi

机构信息

Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security of the XPCC, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.

NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.

出版信息

Parasit Vectors. 2025 Mar 13;18(1):105. doi: 10.1186/s13071-025-06739-6.

DOI:10.1186/s13071-025-06739-6

PMID:40083019

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11905730/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most frequently detected microsporidian species in humans, wildlife and domestic animals. In northern China, to the best of our knowledge, no information on E. bieneusi infection has been reported in wild animals. The aim of the present study was to survey the occurrence of and genetically characterize E. bieneusi from a broad spectrum of vertebrate species in this region.

METHODS

A total of 1372 small intestine or fecal specimens were collected from 1019 mammals, 121 reptiles and 232 birds in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR) and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR), northern China. Each animal species was identified according to morphological characteristics and amplification of mitochondrial genes. Genotype analysis of E. bieneusi was performed by amplifying the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region.

RESULTS

A total of 68 wild animal species were identified, including 34 mammal species, six reptile species and 28 bird species. The average rate of infection with E. bieneusi was 9.7% (133/1372 specimens). Twelve genotypes of E. bieneusi, including BEB6, CHG7, D, E, EbpD, horse1, MWC_d1, NCF2, NCF6, PL14, SN45 and XJHT4, were identified in specimens from XUAR, IMAR and Kyrgyzstan. Phylogenetically, these genotypes belonged to four groups, namely Group 1, Group 2, Group 12 and Group 14.

CONCLUSIONS

To our knowledge, this study reports for the first time E. bieneusi genotype NCF2 in marbled polecats (Vormela peregusna), genotype NCF6 in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), genotype D in grey wolf (Canis lupus), genotypes CHG7, horse1 and PL14 in rodents and genotypes MWC_d1, PL14 and SN45 in wild birds. The results also indicate that genotypes horse1, NCF2 and NCF6 were acquired either by the fecal-oral transmission route or during predator-prey interaction.

摘要

背景

比氏肠胞微孢子虫是在人类、野生动物和家畜中最常检测到的微孢子虫物种。据我们所知，在中国北方，尚未有关于野生动物感染比氏肠胞微孢子虫的信息报道。本研究的目的是调查该地区多种脊椎动物中比氏肠胞微孢子虫的感染情况并对其进行基因特征分析。

方法

从中国北方新疆维吾尔自治区（XUAR）和内蒙古自治区（IMAR）的1019只哺乳动物、121只爬行动物和232只鸟类中总共采集了1372份小肠或粪便标本。根据形态特征和线粒体基因扩增对每种动物进行鉴定。通过扩增内部转录间隔区（ITS）区域对比氏肠胞微孢子虫进行基因型分析。

结果

总共鉴定出68种野生动物，包括34种哺乳动物、6种爬行动物和28种鸟类。比氏肠胞微孢子虫的平均感染率为9.7%（133/1372份标本）。在来自XUAR、IMAR和吉尔吉斯斯坦的标本中鉴定出比氏肠胞微孢子虫的12种基因型，包括BEB6、CHG7、D、E、EbpD、horse1、MWC_d1、NCF2、NCF6、PL14、SN45和XJHT4。在系统发育上，这些基因型属于4个组，即第1组、第2组、第12组和第14组。

结论

据我们所知，本研究首次报道了艾鼬（Vormela peregusna）中比氏肠胞微孢子虫基因型NCF2、赤狐（Vulpes vulpes）中基因型NCF6、灰狼（Canis lupus）中基因型D、啮齿动物中基因型CHG7、horse1和PL14以及野生鸟类中基因型MWC_d1、PL14和SN45。结果还表明，基因型horse1、NCF2和NCF6是通过粪口传播途径或在捕食者与猎物的相互作用过程中获得的。