Bata Lamiya, Henry Rebekah, Barker S Fiona, Boyce John, Lynch Fiona, Vilsoni Silvia Rosovoa, Tela Autiko, Vamosi Revoni, Taruc Ruzka R, Agussalim Andi Zulkifli, Saifuddaolah Maghfira, Handis Zainal, McCarthy David, Leder Karin
Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
Sci Adv. 2025 Mar 14;11(11):eadq9869. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adq9869.
Rapid urbanization leads to the growth of informal settlements, where inadequate sanitation infrastructure is common, thus promoting environmental contamination and risk of gastrointestinal infection. Soil contamination contributes to the transmission of enteropathogens, but traditional sampling approaches may poorly indicate public health risks due to limited spatial representation. This study compares traditional grab sampling of soil with a boot sock method, a composite technique designed to better reflect human-pathogen interactions. The boot sock method provided more sensitive detection of and lower inter-replicate variation compared to grab samples. Post hoc power analyses indicated that the boot sock technique required fewer samples to achieve adequate spatial representation across a sampling area than grab samples, potentially improving time and cost efficiency in pathogen exposure risk estimation.
快速城市化导致非正规住区的增长，这些地区普遍存在卫生基础设施不足的情况，从而加剧了环境污染和胃肠道感染风险。土壤污染助长了肠道病原体的传播，但传统采样方法可能因空间代表性有限而难以准确指示公共卫生风险。本研究将传统的土壤单点采样方法与一种旨在更好反映人类与病原体相互作用的复合技术——靴套法进行了比较。与单点采样相比，靴套法对病原体的检测更灵敏，且重复样本间的变异更小。事后功效分析表明，与单点采样相比，靴套技术在整个采样区域实现足够的空间代表性所需的样本数量更少，这可能会提高病原体暴露风险估计中的时间和成本效率。
