Bazaid Abdulrahman S, Saeed Amir, Alrashidi Abdulaziz, Alrashidi Abdulkarim, Alshaghdali Khalid, A Hammam Sahar, Alreshidi Talal, Alshammary Munif, Alarfaj Abdullah, Thallab Rawan, Aldarhami Abdu
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Medical Sciences & Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.
Infect Drug Resist. 2021 Apr 16;14:1455-1465. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S299846. eCollection 2021.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common infections that require antibiotic intervention. Antibiotic surveillance programs are crucial to assess resistance patterns of microorganisms associated with UTIs and to tailor antibiotic therapy accordingly. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to investigate the prevalence of uropathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in Ha'il region.
We conducted a retrospective study in two main hospitals in Ha'il over a 5-year period (January 2015 to December 2019). Laboratory reports and clinical data of patients with a positive urine culture (≥10 CFU/mL) were included in the study.
A total of 428 patients were included in this study. The majority of positive cultures belonged to female patients (94.4%), adults (76.9%) and outpatients (74.3%). Generally, was the most common pathogen (45%), followed by (17%) and (12%). Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) strains of (15.7%) and (19.7%) showed resistance to most tested antibiotics, while almost all Gram-negative uropathogens including ESBL strains presented low resistance to cefoxitin, imipenem and meropenem. Most strains of and were resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole including methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant (VRE), whereas the activity of linezolid was monitored against almost all different strains of Gram-positive uropathogens.
This surveillance study which was conducted over a 5-year period in the Ha'il region revealed that the most common UTI-associated pathogen was . Based on the current sensitivity profiles obtained from this surveillance, carbapenems and linezolid can be considered as a first therapeutic choice treating UTIs in Ha'il caused by Gram-negative and positive uropathogens, respectively. Frequent targeted surveillance programs for antibiotic-resistant pathogens and their susceptibility profiles are crucial to enable tailored empirical treatment for patients.
尿路感染（UTIs）是最常见的需要抗生素干预的感染之一。抗生素监测项目对于评估与UTIs相关的微生物耐药模式以及相应调整抗生素治疗至关重要。因此，本研究的目的是调查哈伊勒地区尿路病原体的流行情况及其抗菌药敏模式。
我们在哈伊勒的两家主要医院进行了一项为期5年（2015年1月至2019年12月）的回顾性研究。尿培养阳性（≥10 CFU/mL）患者的实验室报告和临床数据纳入本研究。
本研究共纳入428例患者。大多数阳性培养物属于女性患者（94.4%）、成年人（76.9%）和门诊患者（74.3%）。一般来说，[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]是最常见的病原体（45%），其次是[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]（17%）和[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]（12%）。[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]的超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）菌株（15.7%）和[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]的ESBL菌株（19.7%）对大多数测试抗生素耐药，而几乎所有革兰氏阴性尿路病原体包括ESBL菌株对头孢西丁、亚胺培南和美罗培南耐药性较低。大多数[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]和[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]菌株对甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑耐药，包括耐甲氧西林[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]（MRSA）和耐万古霉素[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]（VRE），而利奈唑胺的活性针对几乎所有不同的革兰氏阳性尿路病原体菌株进行了监测。
在哈伊勒地区进行的这项为期5年的监测研究表明，最常见的与UTIs相关的病原体是[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]。基于本次监测获得的当前敏感性数据，碳青霉烯类和利奈唑胺可分别被视为治疗哈伊勒地区由革兰氏阴性和阳性尿路病原体引起的UTIs的首选治疗药物。对抗生素耐药病原体及其药敏谱进行频繁的针对性监测项目对于为患者提供量身定制的经验性治疗至关重要。
