小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）中响应春化作用的TaFDL基因家族的全基因组鉴定与表达分析

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of TaFDL gene family responded to vernalization in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

作者信息

Kan Wenjie, Gao Yameng, Zhu Yan, Wang Ziqi, Yang Zhu, Cheng Yuan, Guo Jianjun, Wang Dacheng, Tang Caiguo, Wu Lifang

机构信息

The Center for Ion Beam Bioengineering & Green Agriculture, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China.

University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China.

出版信息

BMC Genomics. 2025 Mar 16;26(1):255. doi: 10.1186/s12864-025-11436-w.

DOI:10.1186/s12864-025-11436-w

PMID:40091016

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11912598/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

FLOWERING LOCUS D (FD) is a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor known to be crucial in vernalization, flowering, and stress response across a variety of plants, including biennial and winter annual species. The TaFD-like (TaFDL) gene in wheat is the functional homologue of Arabidopsis FD, yet research on the TaFDL gene family in wheat is still lacking.

RESULTS

In this study, a total of 62 TaFDL gene family members were identified and classified into 4 main subfamilies, and these genes were located on 21 chromosomes. A comprehensive analysis of the basic physicochemical properties, gene structure, conservation motif, conserved domain, and advanced protein structure of TaFDL gene family revealed the conservation among its individual subfamily. The family members underwent purifying selection. The segmental duplication events were the main driving force behind the expansion of the TaFDL gene family. The TaFDL gene family underwent differentiation in the evolution of FD genes. Additionally, the subcellular localization and transcriptional activation activities of five key TaFDL members were demonstrated. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations and promoter cis-regulatory element analysis indicated that the TaFDL members may play potential roles in regulating flowering, hormone response, low-temperature response, light response, and stress response, which were verified by transcriptome data analysis. Specifically, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that five TaFDL genes exhibited differential responses to different vernalization conditions in winter wheat seeding. Finally, the homologous genes of the five key TaFDL genes across nine different wheat cultivars highlight significant genetic diversity.

CONCLUSION

These findings enrich the research on FD and its homologous genes, providing valuable insights into the TaFDL gene family's response to vernalization.

摘要

背景

开花位点D（FLOWERING LOCUS D，FD）是一种碱性亮氨酸拉链（bZIP）转录因子，已知在包括二年生和冬性一年生植物在内的多种植物的春化、开花和胁迫反应中起关键作用。小麦中的TaFD-like（TaFDL）基因是拟南芥FD的功能同源物，但对小麦TaFDL基因家族的研究仍然缺乏。

结果

在本研究中，共鉴定出62个TaFDL基因家族成员，并将其分为4个主要亚家族，这些基因位于21条染色体上。对TaFDL基因家族的基本理化性质、基因结构、保守基序、保守结构域和高级蛋白质结构进行综合分析，揭示了其各个亚家族之间的保守性。家族成员经历了纯化选择。片段重复事件是TaFDL基因家族扩张的主要驱动力。TaFDL基因家族在FD基因的进化过程中发生了分化。此外，还证明了五个关键TaFDL成员的亚细胞定位和转录激活活性。基因本体（GO）注释和启动子顺式调控元件分析表明，TaFDL成员可能在调节开花、激素反应、低温反应、光反应和胁迫反应中发挥潜在作用，转录组数据分析验证了这一点。具体而言，定量实时PCR（qRT-PCR）分析表明，五个TaFDL基因在冬小麦种子中对不同春化条件表现出不同的反应。最后，九个不同小麦品种中五个关键TaFDL基因的同源基因突出了显著的遗传多样性。