Baridah Izzah, Setyowireni Dwi Kisworo, Citta Arsitya Nayana, Arguni Eggi
Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Master Program in Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
BMC Pediatr. 2025 Mar 17;25(1):199. doi: 10.1186/s12887-025-05531-w.
COVID-19 has become a global pandemic. However, studies examining the outcomes for pediatric patients after hospital discharge, post-COVID-19, and the predictive factors influencing their high mortality rates, are still limited, especially in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the predictor that predict mortality six months after hospitalization for COVID-19.
A retrospective cohort study was performed. The participants were children who were admitted to Dr. Sardjito General Hospital from February-April 2022. The inclusion criteria were pediatric patients who were hospitalized in the pediatric ward and discharged after recovering or completing isolation. COVID-19 hospitalization deaths and incomplete medical records were omitted from the study. Bivariate analysis was performed with chi-square log rank test. Kaplan-Meier method was used for calculating the cumulative survival between comparison groups of the predictor variables. Multivariate analysis was performed with a Cox regression. The relationships between the variables are presented as the Hazard ratios (HRs), confidence intervals of 95% (95%CI), and statistical significance levels, with p < 0.05.
Among the 114 patients studied, the mortality rate during the six months after COVID-19 was 29.8%. The multivariate analysis revealed that mortality was correlated with comorbidities (p < 0.021; HR 11.415; CI 95% 1.449-89.912) and obesity (p = 0.032; HR 4.617; CI 95% 1.139-18.721).
The presence of comorbidities and obesity are significant predictors of mortality in pediatric patients with COVID-19 within six months following hospital discharge.
Not applicable.
新冠病毒病（COVID-19）已成为全球大流行疾病。然而，关于COVID-19康复后儿科患者出院后的预后情况以及影响其高死亡率的预测因素的研究仍然有限，尤其是在印度尼西亚。因此，本研究旨在确定COVID-19住院治疗六个月后预测死亡率的因素。
进行了一项回顾性队列研究。研究对象为2022年2月至4月入住萨迪托博士综合医院的儿童。纳入标准为在儿科病房住院且康复或完成隔离后出院的儿科患者。本研究排除了COVID-19住院死亡病例和不完整的病历。采用卡方对数秩检验进行双变量分析。使用Kaplan-Meier方法计算预测变量比较组之间的累积生存率。采用Cox回归进行多变量分析。变量之间的关系以风险比（HR）、95%置信区间（95%CI）和统计显著性水平表示，p<0.05。
在研究的114例患者中，COVID-19后六个月内的死亡率为29.8%。多变量分析显示，死亡率与合并症（p<0.021；HR 11.415；95%CI 1.449 - 89.912）和肥胖（p = 0.032；HR 4.617；95%CI 1.139 - 18.721）相关。
合并症和肥胖的存在是COVID-19儿科患者出院后六个月内死亡率的重要预测因素。
不适用。
