Xu Panji, Quan Kunhua, Wei Xiyuan, Li Yubing, Xu Shuaikai
School of Physics Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
Front Chem. 2025 Feb 28;13:1550285. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2025.1550285. eCollection 2025.
Asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) have attracted widespread attention because of their high energy density, high power density and long cycle life. Nevertheless, the development of anodes and cathodes with complementary potential windows and synchronous energy storage kinetics represents a pivotal challenge. We propose to construct nanochannel-coupled vertically porous CNF/TiCNT and CNF/rGO hybrid aerogel electrodes via a unidirectional bottom-up cryoprocess. The vertically porous structure will greatly shorten the ion diffusion path and enhance the charge/ion transfer/diffusion kinetics, and the inserted cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) will impede the re-stacking of the nanosheets and enlarge the interlayer nano-channels, thus improving the accessibility of electrolyte ions. Ultimately, all-solid-state ASCs assembled based on nanochannel-coupled vertically porous MXene and graphene aerogel can achieve an excellent energy density of 20.8 Wh kg at 2.3 kW·kg, a high multiplicity performance, and retains 95.1% of energy density after 10,000 cycles. This work not only demonstrates the great superiority of nanochannel-coupled vertically porous hybrid aerogels, but also provides an effective strategy for designing asymmetric supercapacitor electrodes with matched structural and electrochemical properties.
非对称超级电容器（ASC）因其高能量密度、高功率密度和长循环寿命而受到广泛关注。然而，开发具有互补电位窗口和同步储能动力学的阳极和阴极是一项关键挑战。我们建议通过单向自下而上的冷冻工艺构建纳米通道耦合的垂直多孔CNF/TiCNT和CNF/rGO混合气凝胶电极。垂直多孔结构将大大缩短离子扩散路径并增强电荷/离子转移/扩散动力学，插入的纤维素纳米纤维（CNF）将阻碍纳米片的重新堆叠并扩大层间纳米通道，从而提高电解质离子的可及性。最终，基于纳米通道耦合的垂直多孔MXene和石墨烯气凝胶组装的全固态ASC在2.3 kW·kg时可实现20.8 Wh kg的优异能量密度、高倍率性能，并在10000次循环后保留95.1%的能量密度。这项工作不仅证明了纳米通道耦合的垂直多孔混合气凝胶的巨大优势，还为设计具有匹配结构和电化学性能的非对称超级电容器电极提供了一种有效策略。
