Petakh Pavlo, Oksenych Valentyn, Kamyshnyi Oleksandr
Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine.
Department of Clinical Science, Broegelmann Research Laboratory, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2025 Mar 17;19(3):e0012927. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012927. eCollection 2025 Mar.
Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease that spreads through water and soil contaminated with infected animal urine. Soldiers have a higher risk of infection because they often work in wet and muddy conditions. This systematic review examines how common leptospirosis is among military personnel. Studies published between January 2000 and November 2024 were collected from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, following PRISMA guidelines. The review included studies that used laboratory tests to confirm leptospirosis cases in soldiers. Out of 67 studies, three met the inclusion criteria. These studies were conducted in Malaysia, Hawaii, and Honduras, with sample sizes between 488 and 1,000 soldiers. The infection rate ranged from 1.4% to 16.2%, with higher rates in tropical regions. Leptospirosis is often underdiagnosed in military personnel because symptoms are similar to other diseases, and testing is not always available. More awareness, better protective measures, and improved laboratory tests are needed to prevent infections. This review highlights the importance of better surveillance and health strategies for soldiers at risk of leptospirosis.
钩端螺旋体病是一种细菌性疾病，通过被感染动物尿液污染的水和土壤传播。士兵感染风险较高，因为他们经常在潮湿泥泞的环境中工作。本系统评价考察了钩端螺旋体病在军事人员中的常见程度。按照PRISMA指南，从PubMed、科学网和Scopus收集了2000年1月至2024年11月发表的研究。该评价纳入了使用实验室检测来确诊士兵钩端螺旋体病病例的研究。在67项研究中，有3项符合纳入标准。这些研究在马来西亚、夏威夷和洪都拉斯进行，样本量为488至1000名士兵。感染率在1.4%至16.2%之间，热带地区的感染率更高。钩端螺旋体病在军事人员中常常诊断不足，因为症状与其他疾病相似，而且并非总能进行检测。需要提高认识、采取更好的防护措施并改进实验室检测以预防感染。本评价强调了对有钩端螺旋体病风险的士兵加强监测和制定更好的健康策略的重要性。
