Alorda-Ladaria Bartomeu, Pons Marta, Isern Eugeni
Department of Industrial Engineering and Construction, University of Balearic Islands, Ctra. Valldemossa, km 7.5, Ed. Mateu Orfila, Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Spain.
Health Science and Technology Cross-Cutting Department, Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 Feb 28;25(5):1484. doi: 10.3390/s25051484.
Power transmission lines transfer energy between power plants and substations by means of a linear chain of towers. These towers are often situated over extensive distances, sometimes in regions that are difficult to access. Wireless sensor networks present a viable solution for monitoring these long chains of towers due to their wide coverage, ease of installation and cost-effectiveness. The proposed LoRaBUS approach implements and analyses the benefits of a linear topology using a mixture of LoRa and LoRaWAN protocols. This approach is designed to enable automatic detection of nearby nodes, optimise energy consumption and provide a prioritised transmission mode in emergency situations. On remote, hard-to-reach towers, a prototype fire protection system was implemented and tested. The results demonstrate that LoRaBUS creates a self-configurable linear topology which proves advantageous for installation processes, node maintenance and troubleshooting node failures. The discovery process collects data from a neighbourhood to construct the network and to save energy. The network's autonomous configuration can be completed within approximately 2 min. In addition, energy consumption is effectively reduced 25% by dynamically adjusting the transmission power based on the detected channel quality and the distance to the nearest neighbour nodes.
输电线路通过一系列线性排列的杆塔在发电厂和变电站之间传输能量。这些杆塔通常分布在很长的距离上，有时位于难以到达的区域。无线传感器网络由于其覆盖范围广、安装简便且成本效益高，为监测这些长长的杆塔链提供了一种可行的解决方案。所提出的LoRaBUS方法使用LoRa和LoRaWAN协议的组合来实现和分析线性拓扑的优势。该方法旨在实现附近节点的自动检测、优化能耗，并在紧急情况下提供优先传输模式。在偏远、难以到达的杆塔上，实施并测试了一个原型防火系统。结果表明，LoRaBUS创建了一个可自我配置的线性拓扑，这对于安装过程、节点维护和故障排除证明是有利的。发现过程从邻域收集数据以构建网络并节省能量。网络的自主配置大约可在2分钟内完成。此外，通过根据检测到的信道质量和到最近邻居节点的距离动态调整发射功率，能耗可有效降低25%。
