Leitão Catarina, Neto Vanessa, Silva Luanna, Estrela Marta, Fardilha Margarida, Roque Fátima, Herdeiro Maria Teresa
Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal.
Federal University of São João del-Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, R. Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400 - Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil.
Curr Oncol Rep. 2025 Apr;27(4):375-389. doi: 10.1007/s11912-025-01653-7. Epub 2025 Mar 18.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent cancer and the third deadliest in Europe among men. PCa has several well-established risk factors; however, the influence of lifestyle factors remains under investigation, which may hinder efforts to encourage healthier behavior adoption. Thus, this systematic review explored the general population's perceptions, knowledge, and attitudes regarding PCa-related risk factors.
Eighteen qualitative studies were included after searching PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE scientific databases between January 2013 and February 2023. Five major themes emerged from the 18 included studies: PCa knowledge, risk factors, lifestyle pattern changes, motivation/barriers to changing habits, and lifestyle advice support. Participants identified age, family history, genetics, and race/ethnicity as risk factors for PCa, but no consensus has been reached regarding lifestyle. However, most of the participants were willing to adopt healthier habits. Support from healthcare professionals (HPs), family, and friends, the desire for more time with loved ones, and fear of PCa consequences were cited as motivators for habit changes. However, poor economic conditions, work schedules, age, and PCa limitations hamper lifestyle changes. Effective interventions require personalized support and credible information from healthcare providers. Collaboration between family, friends, and HPs is crucial for promoting healthier behaviors and enhancing PCa management. This systematic review highlights the need for further research and innovative approaches to empower individuals towards healthier lifestyles, which could help prevent PCa or, at the very least, promote better treatment outcomes.
前列腺癌（PCa）是欧洲男性中最常见的癌症，也是致死率第三高的癌症。PCa有几个已明确的风险因素；然而，生活方式因素的影响仍在研究中，这可能会阻碍鼓励人们采取更健康行为的努力。因此，本系统综述探讨了普通人群对PCa相关风险因素的认知、知识和态度。
在检索2013年1月至2023年2月期间的PubMed、Scopus、科学网和EMBASE科学数据库后，纳入了18项定性研究。18项纳入研究中出现了五个主要主题：PCa知识、风险因素、生活方式模式改变、改变习惯的动机/障碍以及生活方式建议支持。参与者将年龄、家族史、遗传因素和种族/族裔确定为PCa的风险因素，但在生活方式方面尚未达成共识。然而，大多数参与者愿意采取更健康的习惯。医疗保健专业人员（HPs）、家人和朋友的支持、希望有更多时间陪伴亲人以及对PCa后果的恐惧被认为是改变习惯的动机。然而，经济条件差、工作安排、年龄和PCa的局限性阻碍了生活方式的改变。有效的干预措施需要医疗保健提供者提供个性化支持和可靠信息。家人、朋友和HPs之间的合作对于促进更健康的行为和加强PCa管理至关重要。本系统综述强调需要进一步研究和创新方法，以促使个人采取更健康的生活方式，这有助于预防PCa，或者至少促进更好的治疗效果。
