Naser Abdallah Y, Qadus Sami, AlOsaimi Hind M, AlFayez Abdulrahman, Bin Huwayshil Haya, Al Harbi Lujain A, Alqhtani Malak S, Alyamani Nayef A
Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan.
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Madaba, Madaba, Jordan.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2025 Mar 14;104(11):e41840. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000041840.
This study aims to assess the length of stay and cost per hypoglycemia episode, as well as to determine the factors that influence the length of stay, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and hospitalization costs among patients with diabetes mellitus. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted on a cohort of diabetic individuals who experienced confirmed hypoglycemia episodes. The data pertaining to these patients were obtained from their respective hospital medical records, covering the period from January 2021 to December 2022. King Fahd Medical City was selected as the site of data collection for this study. A total of 396 patients were involved in this study. The median duration of stay for the patients was 7.0 (2.0-16.0) days. Only 3.0% of the patients had a previous hypoglycemia admission history. Around 53.3% of the patients were admitted to the ICU. The median duration of ICU admission stay was 1.0 (0.0-1.0) days. The highest cost driver for patients with hypoglycemia was ICU stay with a median cost of 9000.0 (1125.0-15750.0) Saudi Arabia riyal (SAR) (2399.6 (300.0-4199.2) United States dollar (USD)). The total median cost associated with hypoglycemia hospitalization was 4696.0 (886.5-12789.5) SAR (1252.0 (236.4-3410.0) USD). Ex-smokers were more likely to have higher hospitalization costs for hypoglycemia (4.4-folds) (P < .001). Being admitted to the ICU increased the likelihood of having a longer length of hospitalization by 2.6-folds (P < .001). Patients with longer diabetes duration (above 9 years) were more likely to be admitted to the ICU by 2.9-folds (P = .008). Understanding the factors that affect hypoglycemia hospitalization cost and length is essential for improving diabetes care and resource usage. Identifying high-risk patients and implementing efficient preventative strategies can lower the economic burden of DM and accompanying hypoglycemic episodes and enhance DM management.
本研究旨在评估低血糖发作的住院时间和每次发作的费用，以及确定影响糖尿病患者住院时间、重症监护病房（ICU）收治情况和住院费用的因素。这是一项对确诊有低血糖发作的糖尿病患者队列进行的回顾性横断面研究。与这些患者相关的数据来自他们各自的医院病历，涵盖2021年1月至2022年12月期间。法赫德国王医疗城被选为该研究的数据收集地点。本研究共纳入396例患者。患者的中位住院时间为7.0（2.0 - 16.0）天。只有3.0%的患者有既往低血糖住院史。约53.3%的患者被收治入ICU。ICU收治的中位住院时间为1.0（0.0 - 1.0）天。低血糖患者最高的费用驱动因素是ICU住院，中位费用为9000.0（1125.0 - 15750.0）沙特里亚尔（SAR）（2399.6（300.0 - 4199.2）美元（USD））。低血糖住院的总中位费用为4696.0（886.5 - 12789.5）SAR（1252.0（236.4 - 3410.0）USD）。既往吸烟者发生低血糖的住院费用更高的可能性是其他人的4.4倍（P <.001）。入住ICU使住院时间延长的可能性增加2.6倍（P <.001）。糖尿病病程较长（9年以上）的患者入住ICU的可能性是其他人的2.9倍（P = 0.008）。了解影响低血糖住院费用和住院时间的因素对于改善糖尿病护理和资源利用至关重要。识别高危患者并实施有效的预防策略可以降低糖尿病及其伴随的低血糖发作的经济负担，并加强糖尿病管理。
