Deshpande Sneha Masne, Choudhary Sheetal, Patankar Sangeeta, Khetan Palak, Sadaphule Girish, Sachdev Sanpreet Singh
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India.
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, YMT Dental College and Hospital, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India.
Rev Esp Patol. 2025 Apr-Jun;58(2):100804. doi: 10.1016/j.patol.2025.100804. Epub 2025 Mar 17.
The present study aimed to comparatively analyze the immunoexpression of Ki-67, Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin (α-SMA), and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) between Oral Leukoplakia (OL) and Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF), both with and without dysplasia. The objective was to determine the potential role of these biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognostication of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and their potential as targets for interventions.
Immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67, α-SMA, and MMP-9 was performed on seventy formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks, comprising normal buccal mucosa (n=10), OSMF (n=30), and OL (n=30) with 15 cases each of dysplasia and non-dysplasia. The expression of these markers was comparatively evaluated in OSMF and OL, with and without dysplasia.
The immunoexpression of Ki-67, MMP-9, and α-SMA was found to be significantly higher (p<0.001) in OSMF compared to OL for the respective dysplastic counterparts. Additionally, OSMF with dysplasia exhibited a significantly higher expression (p<0.001) of these markers compared to OSMF without dysplasia.
The present study reports differences in cell proliferation rates, myofibroblast and MMP-9 expression between OSMF and OL. The higher expression of these markers in OSMF with dysplasia suggests accelerated disease progression and enhanced potential for transformation into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). These findings highlight variations in the tissue microenvironment of OPMDs, influencing their biological behaviour and prognosis.
本研究旨在比较分析口腔白斑（OL）和口腔黏膜下纤维化（OSMF）中，无论有无发育异常情况下，Ki-67、α平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）和基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）的免疫表达情况。目的是确定这些生物标志物在口腔潜在恶性疾病（OPMD）诊断和预后评估中的潜在作用，以及它们作为干预靶点的潜力。
对70个福尔马林固定石蜡包埋组织块进行Ki-67、α-SMA和MMP-9的免疫组织化学染色，包括正常颊黏膜（n = 10）、OSMF（n = 30）和OL（n = 30），其中发育异常和无发育异常的病例各15例。在有或无发育异常的OSMF和OL中，对这些标志物的表达进行了比较评估。
对于各自发育异常的对应样本，发现OSMF中Ki-67、MMP-9和α-SMA的免疫表达明显高于OL（p < 0.001）。此外，有发育异常的OSMF与无发育异常的OSMF相比，这些标志物的表达明显更高（p < 0.001）。
本研究报告了OSMF和OL在细胞增殖率、肌成纤维细胞和MMP-9表达方面的差异。这些标志物在有发育异常的OSMF中较高的表达表明疾病进展加速，转化为口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）的潜力增强。这些发现突出了OPMD组织微环境的差异，影响其生物学行为和预后。
