焦虑抑郁与认知变化及轻度认知障碍之间的关联：西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁裔老年人神经认知衰老调查（HCHS/SOL）

Associations between anxious-depression and cognitive change and mild cognitive impairment: HCHS/SOL Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging.

作者信息

Anita Natasha Z, Gonzalez-Prado Roberto, Paredes Alejandra Morlett, Tarraf Wassim, Kuwayama Sayaka, Stickel Ariana M, Sotres-Alvarez Daniela, Gallo Linda C, Pendedo Frank J, Daviglus Martha, Testai Fernando D, González Hector M

机构信息

Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.

Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.

出版信息

Int Psychogeriatr. 2025 Jun;37(3):100058. doi: 10.1016/j.inpsyc.2025.100058. Epub 2025 Mar 17.

DOI:10.1016/j.inpsyc.2025.100058

PMID:40102092

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

This study examined the associations between anxious-depression symptoms with cognitive change and prevalent mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in middle-aged and older Hispanics/Latinos.

METHODS

Participants were enrolled in the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA) and the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Anxiety and depression were measured at Visit 1 using the 10-item Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, with latent class analysis applied to derive anxious-depression phenotypes based on items from both scales. Cognitive tests were completed at Visits 1 and 2 (average 7-years follow-up), where change was assessed using a change index between Visit 1 and 2, and function was assessed at Visit 2. Prevalent MCI was assessed using National Institute on Aging diagnostic criteria. Regression models were used to investigate the association of anxious-depression phenotypes with cognitive function, change, and MCI.

RESULTS

In 6140 participants (mean age = 56.5 ± 8.1-years), three anxious-depression profiles were identified: low (62 %), moderate (30 %), and high (8 %). All three profiles were associated with cognitive function at Visit 2, where high and moderate phenotypes were associated with lower cognitive scores compared to low. Moderate and high anxious-depression phenotypes were associated with greater prevalence of MCI compared to low (OR [95 % CI] = 1.64 [1.25; 2.16] and OR = 1.62 [1.12; 2.33], respectively). We found no associations between cognitive change and anxious-depression phenotype.

DISCUSSION

Co-occurring elevated anxiety and depression symptoms were associated with lower cognitive function and increased prevalence MCI 7-years later, but not overall changes in cognitive function between Visit 1 and Visit 2.

摘要

目的

本研究探讨了中老年西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群中焦虑抑郁症状与认知变化及轻度认知障碍（MCI）患病率之间的关联。

方法

参与者纳入拉丁裔神经认知衰老研究（SOL - INCA）和西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究（HCHS/SOL）。在第1次访视时，使用10项斯皮尔伯格状态 - 特质焦虑量表和10项流行病学研究中心抑郁量表测量焦虑和抑郁情况，并应用潜在类别分析，根据两个量表的项目得出焦虑抑郁表型。在第1次和第2次访视时（平均随访7年）完成认知测试，使用第1次和第2次访视之间的变化指数评估变化情况，并在第2次访视时评估功能。使用美国国立衰老研究所的诊断标准评估MCI患病率。采用回归模型研究焦虑抑郁表型与认知功能、变化及MCI之间的关联。

结果

在6140名参与者（平均年龄 = 56.5 ± 8.1岁）中，确定了三种焦虑抑郁情况：低（62%）、中（30%）和高（8%）。所有三种情况均与第2次访视时的认知功能相关，与低情况相比，高和中表型与较低的认知得分相关。与低情况相比，中高焦虑抑郁表型与MCI的患病率更高相关（OR [95% CI]分别为1.64 [1.25; 2.16]和1.62 [1.12; 2.33]）。我们未发现认知变化与焦虑抑郁表型之间存在关联。