Alsalmi Ohud A, Aljohani Abrar I, Alharthi Afaf A, Gharib Amal F, Alrubayee Abdulrahman R, Abbas Ramy M, Alsuwat Meshari A, Alzahrani Khalid J, Alsaleh Batool S
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Medical Oncology Department, King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Transl Cancer Res. 2025 Feb 28;14(2):980-989. doi: 10.21037/tcr-24-1542. Epub 2025 Feb 26.
Breast cancer (BC) is a highly heterogeneous disease with variable histological appearance, biological features, clinical outcomes, and treatment responses. The number of BC cases in Saudi Arabia has more than tripled during the last 17 years to constitute 30% of all cancer cases in women. Therefore, greater efforts are needed to evaluate prognostic factors for BC in Saudi Arabia to improve prognostication and provide more personalized therapy. Recently, fragile X mental retardation syndrome-related protein 1 (FXR1) was identified as a novel biomarker that contributes to oncogenesis; however, its role in BC has not been well studied. This study aims to evaluate the clinicopathological significance of FXR1 in women with primary BC.
The protein levels of FXR1 in BC tissue samples (n=100) were determined immunohistochemically. The associations between FXR1 levels and clinicopathological parameters and outcomes were evaluated, and significant associations were validated by assessing mRNA levels in publicly available cohorts in the BC Gene-Expression Miner database (version 5).
High protein levels of were significantly associated with tumor aggressiveness, including stage IIB and IIIC and hormone receptor negativity, the triple-negative BC (TNBC) subtype, and poor outcomes. Consistent with the protein results, high mRNA levels of FXR1 were significantly associated with hormone receptor negativity and the TNBC subtype.
This study revealed that FXR1 is a prognostic factor for poor prognosis in women with BC. Further functional studies are needed to confirm its role in aggressive BC and its value as a therapeutic target.
乳腺癌（BC）是一种高度异质性疾病，具有不同的组织学表现、生物学特征、临床结局和治疗反应。在过去17年中，沙特阿拉伯的乳腺癌病例数增加了两倍多，占女性所有癌症病例的30%。因此，需要做出更大努力来评估沙特阿拉伯乳腺癌的预后因素，以改善预后并提供更个性化的治疗。最近，脆性X智力低下综合征相关蛋白1（FXR1）被确定为一种有助于肿瘤发生的新型生物标志物；然而，其在乳腺癌中的作用尚未得到充分研究。本研究旨在评估FXR1在原发性乳腺癌女性中的临床病理意义。
采用免疫组织化学方法测定100例乳腺癌组织样本中FXR1的蛋白水平。评估FXR1水平与临床病理参数及结局之间的关联，并通过评估乳腺癌基因表达矿工数据库（第5版）中公开可用队列的mRNA水平来验证显著关联。
FXR1蛋白水平高与肿瘤侵袭性显著相关，包括IIB期和IIIC期以及激素受体阴性、三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）亚型和不良结局。与蛋白结果一致，FXR1的mRNA水平高与激素受体阴性和TNBC亚型显著相关。
本研究表明，FXR1是乳腺癌女性预后不良的一个预后因素。需要进一步的功能研究来证实其在侵袭性乳腺癌中的作用及其作为治疗靶点的价值。
