Kılınç Gül Eda, Vergi Yeliz
Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey.
Curr Nutr Rep. 2025 Mar 19;14(1):48. doi: 10.1007/s13668-025-00637-0.
The aim of this review is to discuss and evaluate diabetic sarcopenia (DS) and its relationship with nutrition by discussing the mechanisms of diabetic sarcopenia in detail and comprehensively reviewing the literature.
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) affects approximately 25% of people aged 50 years and over and indicates a significant the cost of health for the elderly. Nutrition is an important part of these treatment approaches, and in this review, the literature was comprehensively reviewed, focusing on understanding the mechanisms of DS and discussing its relationship with nutrition. A comprehensive search was conducted on Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct, and PubMed from inception up to July 2024. The aim of nutritional treatment for DS is to improve muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance while improving diabetes-related metabolic risk and glucose levels. In this context, it is important to determine energy intake in individuals with DS according to calorie intake exceeding 30 kcal/kg. For these individuals, a protein intake of at least 1-1.2 g/kg/day is recommended, with an emphasis on the number and timing of meals and a nutritional pattern rich in branched chain amino acids (BCAA). In addition, it is important to adopt a diet rich in antioxidants and to choose diet patterns that contain sufficient levels of macro and micronutrients. The Mediterranean diet model can be a good diet option for individuals with DS. Comprehensive studies in this field are needed so that clinicians can make specific dietary recommendations for DS.
本综述旨在通过详细讨论糖尿病性肌肉减少症（DS）的机制并全面回顾文献，来探讨和评估糖尿病性肌肉减少症及其与营养的关系。
2型糖尿病（T2DM）影响着约25%的50岁及以上人群，并给老年人带来了巨大的健康成本。营养是这些治疗方法的重要组成部分，在本综述中，对文献进行了全面回顾，重点是了解DS的机制并讨论其与营养的关系。对Web of Science、谷歌学术、Scopus、Science Direct和PubMed从创刊至2024年7月进行了全面检索。DS营养治疗的目的是在改善与糖尿病相关的代谢风险和血糖水平的同时，增加肌肉量、肌肉力量和身体机能。在这种情况下，根据超过30千卡/千克的热量摄入来确定DS患者的能量摄入很重要。对于这些患者，建议蛋白质摄入量至少为1-1.2克/千克/天，同时强调进餐次数和时间以及富含支链氨基酸（BCAA）的营养模式。此外，采用富含抗氧化剂的饮食并选择含有足够水平的常量和微量营养素的饮食模式也很重要。地中海饮食模式可能是DS患者的一个不错的饮食选择。需要在该领域进行全面研究，以便临床医生能够为DS患者做出具体的饮食建议。
