Sorgato Marco, Bottin Anna, Stocchero Michele, Toia Marco, Savio Enrico
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
PLoS One. 2025 Mar 19;20(3):e0319492. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0319492. eCollection 2025.
Dental implant surgery relies extensively on bone drilling, a critical procedure with intrinsic challenges. Drill bits show significant wear and are frequently utilized beyond the manufacturer's recommended limits. Such practices can result in adverse effects, including friction and temperature rise in the surrounding bone area during interventions, with an increased risk of necrosis that can compromise the dental implant osseointegration. This study aimed to compare the quality of osteotomy obtained from two different protocols to determine a possible correlation between the drilling temperature and the tool wear and to evaluate their impact on potential health damage.
Experimental evaluations were conducted using synthetic bone that reproduced human bone characteristics. The drilling phase involved real-time temperature acquisition and scanning electron microscopy analysis of tool wear evolution. After the operation, actual hole size and geometry were characterized using a coordinate measuring machine, and temperatures and torques were measured during the subsequent implantation phase.
The findings revealed a direct correlation between tool wear and the temperature rise during the drilling phase, while a lower correlation was found with the hole profile geometry variation. The implantation phase demonstrated temperature and torque values within acceptable ranges.
This study highlights the importance of adhering to proper tool maintenance and replacement protocols. By following recommended guidelines, practitioners can minimize adverse effects and enhance the success of dental implant procedures.
牙种植手术广泛依赖于骨钻孔，这是一个具有内在挑战的关键程序。钻头显示出显著磨损，并且经常在超出制造商推荐的限度下使用。这种做法可能会导致不良影响，包括在干预过程中周围骨区域的摩擦和温度升高，坏死风险增加，这可能会损害牙种植体的骨整合。本研究旨在比较从两种不同方案获得的截骨质量，以确定钻孔温度与工具磨损之间的可能相关性，并评估它们对潜在健康损害的影响。
使用模拟人类骨特征的合成骨进行实验评估。钻孔阶段包括实时温度采集和工具磨损演变的扫描电子显微镜分析。手术后，使用坐标测量机对实际孔的尺寸和几何形状进行表征，并在随后的植入阶段测量温度和扭矩。
研究结果揭示了钻孔阶段工具磨损与温度升高之间存在直接相关性，而与孔轮廓几何形状变化的相关性较低。植入阶段的温度和扭矩值在可接受范围内。
本研究强调了遵守适当的工具维护和更换方案的重要性。通过遵循推荐指南，从业者可以将不良影响降至最低，并提高牙种植手术的成功率。
