Satapathy Prakasini, Gaidhane Shilpa, Bishoyi Ashok Kumar, Ganesan Subbulakshmi, V Kavita, Mishra Swati, Kaur Manpreet, Bushi Ganesh, Shabil Muhammed, Syed Rukshar, Puri Sonam, Kumar Sunil, Ansar Sabah, Sah Sanjit, Jena Diptismita, Zahiruddin Quazi Syed, Goh Khang Wen
Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura- 140417, Punjab, India; Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia.
One Health Centre (COHERD), Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education, Wardha, India.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2025 Jul;112(3):116767. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116767. Epub 2025 Mar 8.
Despite global progress, South Asian countries account for a disproportionate burden of Acute hepatitis E (AHE). Understanding the burden of AHE in this region is crucial for targeted interventions.
We used Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data to assess the burden of AHE across eight South Asian countries from 1990 to 2021. Joinpoint regression was used to analyze temporal trends and Estimated Annual Percentage Change (EAPC) was calculated to quantify trends. The relationship between age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rate (ASDR) and socio-demographic index (SDI) was assessed using smoothing spline model and Spearman rank correlation. Rates are expressed per 100,000 population.
Bangladesh had highest age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) [33.27 (95 % Uncertainty Interval: 27.64 to 39.95)] and age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) [433.01 (359.61 to 519.76)], while India had highest ASDR [9.52 (4.33 to 18.42)]. Males had higher ASIR and ASPR than females in most South Asian countries, except Bhutan and India, and higher ASDR except in Nepal and Pakistan. Bhutan had the highest EAPC for both sexes in ASPR and ASIR, while India had the highest EAPC in ASDR, closely followed by Bhutan for both sexes. Age group 5-9 had the highest ASPR and ASIR whereas <1-year age group had the highest ASDR. There was an inverse relationship between ASDR and SDI (R = -0.49, p < 0.01).
South Asia bears a high burden of AHE, with variations across countries. Improvements in Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) services are needed to achieve Sustainable Development Goals 3 and 6.
尽管全球在这方面取得了进展，但急性戊型肝炎（AHE）在南亚国家的负担却不成比例。了解该地区AHE的负担对于有针对性的干预措施至关重要。
我们使用了2021年全球疾病负担（GBD）数据来评估1990年至2021年期间八个南亚国家的AHE负担。采用连接点回归分析时间趋势，并计算估计年百分比变化（EAPC）以量化趋势。使用平滑样条模型和Spearman等级相关性评估年龄标准化残疾调整生命年率（ASDR）与社会人口指数（SDI）之间的关系。发病率以每10万人口表示。
孟加拉国的年龄标准化患病率（ASPR）最高[33.27（95%不确定区间：27.64至39.95）]和年龄标准化发病率（ASIR）最高[433.01（359.61至519.76）]，而印度的ASDR最高[9.52（4.33至18.42）]。在大多数南亚国家，男性的ASIR和ASPR高于女性，但不丹和印度除外，男性的ASDR高于女性，但尼泊尔和巴基斯坦除外。不丹的男女ASPR和ASIR的EAPC最高，而印度的ASDR的EAPC最高，紧随其后的是不丹的男女。5至9岁年龄组的ASPR和ASIR最高，而<1岁年龄组的ASDR最高。ASDR与SDI之间存在负相关关系（R = -0.49，p < 0.01）。
南亚AHE负担沉重，各国情况存在差异。需要改善水、环境卫生和个人卫生（WASH）服务，以实现可持续发展目标3和6。
