Zuo Zili, Zhang Ziyun, Li Yan, Zhang Jianming, Shi Peng
School of Life and Health, Huzhou College, Huzhou, 313000, China.
School of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029, China.
BMC Psychol. 2025 Mar 19;13(1):272. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-02479-5.
To explore the inhibitory function characteristics of overweight female college students through two studies, and on this basis, to explore the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) intervention on the inhibitory function of overweight female college students, as well as to test the mediating role of body composition.
Study I recruited 34 overweight female college students and 38 normal-weight female college students, using the GO/NOGO task and the Flanker task to measure the participants' response inhibition and interference inhibition. Study II randomly divided the recruited 64 overweight female college students into an experimental group (n = 32) and a control group (n = 32), with the experimental group undergoing 8 weeks of Tabata-based HIIT and the control group not engaging in any form of exercise. The body composition of the participants was measured using a bioelectrical impedance body composition analyzer made in South Korea, the GAIA KIKO. Based on the SPSS 21.0 software, statistical techniques such as independent sample t-tests, Pearson correlation analysis, and mediation effect tests were used for analysis.
The reaction times of overweight female college students were significantly shorter than those of normal-weight female college students under the GO stimulus, consistent conditions, and inconsistent conditions (P < 0.05). 8 weeks of HIIT could effectively reduce the reaction times of overweight female college students under the GO stimulus, consistent conditions, and inconsistent conditions (P < 0.05), and effectively improve BMI, fat-free weight, fat content, muscle content, and basal metabolic rate (P < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between fat content and reaction times under the GO stimulus, consistent conditions, and inconsistent conditions (P < 0.05), and a significant negative correlation between waist-hip ratio and reaction times under the GO stimulus (P < 0.05). In addition, the mediation effect test found that fat content had a significant mediating effect in the reaction times under the consistent conditions after HIIT intervention (P < 0.01).
Overweight female college students have poorer inhibitory function, and HIIT can effectively improve their inhibitory function, with fat content playing a potential mediating role in the intervention process. It is recommended that HIIT be used as an important means to control the weight of overweight female college students and improve their inhibitory function.
通过两项研究探讨超重女大学生的抑制功能特点，并在此基础上探究高强度间歇训练（HIIT）干预对超重女大学生抑制功能的影响，以及检验身体成分的中介作用。
研究一招募了34名超重女大学生和38名体重正常的女大学生，采用Go/NoGo任务和侧翼任务测量参与者的反应抑制和干扰抑制。研究二将招募的64名超重女大学生随机分为实验组（n = 32）和对照组（n = 32），实验组进行为期8周的基于Tabata的HIIT，对照组不进行任何形式的运动。使用韩国产的生物电阻抗身体成分分析仪GAIA KIKO测量参与者的身体成分。基于SPSS 21.0软件，采用独立样本t检验、Pearson相关分析和中介效应检验等统计技术进行分析。
在Go刺激、一致条件和不一致条件下，超重女大学生的反应时显著短于体重正常的女大学生（P < 0.05）。8周的HIIT可有效缩短超重女大学生在Go刺激、一致条件和不一致条件下的反应时（P < 0.05），并有效改善体重指数、去脂体重、脂肪含量、肌肉含量和基础代谢率（P < 0.05）。在Go刺激、一致条件和不一致条件下，脂肪含量与反应时之间存在显著正相关（P < 0.05），腰臀比与Go刺激下的反应时之间存在显著负相关（P < 0.05）。此外，中介效应检验发现，HIIT干预后，在一致条件下，脂肪含量在反应时中具有显著的中介作用（P < 0.01）。
超重女大学生的抑制功能较差，HIIT可有效改善其抑制功能，脂肪含量在干预过程中发挥潜在的中介作用。建议将HIIT作为控制超重女大学生体重和改善其抑制功能的重要手段。
