播下味觉的种子？一种研究早期接触甜味对12至36个月儿童饮食味觉模式影响的新方法。

Sowing the Seeds of Taste? A Novel Approach to Investigate the Impact of Early Sweet Exposure on Children's Dietary Taste Patterns from 12 to 36 Mo.

作者信息

Mueller Carina, Mars Monica, Zeinstra Gertrude G, Perenboom Corine, Forde Ciarán G, Jager Gerry

机构信息

Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

出版信息

J Nutr. 2025 May;155(5):1466-1473. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.017. Epub 2025 Mar 18.

DOI:10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.017

PMID:40113172

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Early food experiences shape children's eating behavior. Whether initiating complementary feeding (CF) with sweet-tasting foods impacts the taste of later dietary patterns remains unknown. This study combined a quantitative taste intensity database with dietary assessment methods to investigate this.

OBJECTIVES

This study aims to investigate whether initiating CF in infants with sweet compared with neutral-tasting foods leads to different dietary taste patterns at 12-36 mo.

METHODS

A total of 246 Dutch infants (age 20.2 ± 1.8 wk, 129 girls) participated in an randomized control trial; they received either sweet-tasting (n = 125) or neutral-tasting (n = 121) fruit and vegetable purees during the first 15 d of initial CF. Dietary intake was assessed at 12, 18, 24, and 36 mo using 3 24-h recalls. Reported foods (n = 1277) were grouped into 5 clusters-"sour-sweet," "sweet-fatty," "fatty-salty," "fatty," and "neutral" tasting foods-based on their taste intensity values using K-means clustering. Dietary taste patterns were calculated as the average daily intake of energy (%kcal) and weight (%grams) from each taste cluster and compared between intervention groups.

RESULTS

Overall, children's energy intake from neutral-tasting foods decreased from 61% ± 11% at 12 mo to 44% ± 12% at 36 mo (P < 0.001). Weight intake from neutral foods also declined (from 74% ± 9% to 62% ± 13%, P < 0.001). Conversely, children's energy intake from sweet-fatty, fatty-salty, and fatty foods increased significantly over the study period (from 12% ± 7% to 21% ± 10%, from 8% ± 6% to 13% ± 7%, and from 7% ± 5% to 11% ± 6%, respectively, all P ≤ 0.01). No differences were observed between the 2 intervention groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, children's diets became more diverse and intense in taste but exposure to sweet taste during early CF did not influence the dietary taste patterns in later childhood.

TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER

This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03348176.

摘要

背景

早期的饮食体验会塑造儿童的饮食行为。以甜味食物开始引入辅食（CF）是否会影响后期饮食模式的口味尚不清楚。本研究结合定量味觉强度数据库和饮食评估方法来对此进行调查。

目的

本研究旨在调查婴儿以甜味食物而非中性口味食物开始引入辅食，在12至36个月时是否会导致不同的饮食口味模式。

方法

共有246名荷兰婴儿（年龄20.2±1.8周，129名女孩）参与了一项随机对照试验；在开始引入辅食的前15天，他们分别接受了甜味（n = 125）或中性口味（n = 121）的水果和蔬菜泥。在12、18、24和36个月时，通过3次24小时回顾法评估饮食摄入量。根据味觉强度值，使用K均值聚类将报告的食物（n = 1277）分为5类——“酸甜”、“甜腻”、“咸腻”、“油腻”和“中性”口味的食物。饮食口味模式通过计算每个口味类别中能量（%千卡）和重量（%克）的平均每日摄入量来确定，并在干预组之间进行比较。

结果

总体而言，儿童从中性口味食物中摄入的能量从12个月时的61%±11%降至36个月时的44%±12%（P < 0.001）。从中性食物中摄入的重量也有所下降（从74%±9%降至62%±13%，P < 0.001）。相反，在研究期间，儿童从甜腻、咸腻和油腻食物中摄入的能量显著增加（分别从12%±7%增至21%±10%，从8%±6%增至13%±7%，从7%±5%增至11%±6%，均P≤0.01）。两个干预组之间未观察到差异。