Deng Yayuan, Wu Hongxuan, Zhao Tingning, Shi Changqing
School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
Xifeng Water Authority, Guiyang, 551100, Guizhou, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 20;15(1):9597. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-94161-4.
Atmospheric dustfall is solid air pollutant, which is mainly influenced by local sources, so it has a major impact on the local environment and the health of local residents. The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution characteristics of dustfall fluxes and particle size, and the meteorological factors affected them. Atmospheric dustfall was collected in an open-pit coal mining area and surrounding areas in the arid desert area of Northwest China from March to December 2018. Dustfall fluxes was measured, particle size was measured by using graphical methods and grain-size characteristic parameters, the meteorological factors were measured by using Spearman's Correlation Coefficient (SCC) and Stepwise Linear Regression (SLR), the correlations of dustfall fluxes, mean diameter, the content of particles at different grain-sizes were measured by using SCC. The results showed that dustfall fluxes were larger in open-pit mining area and desert area, and in spring and summer. The frequency of particle size distribution showed unimodal distribution, with the peak and the mean diameter in desert area being the largest, and being larger in spring and summer. The main meteorological factor affecting dustfall fluxes was wind speed and affecting particle size was relative humidity. There was no significant correlation between dustfall fluxes with mean diameter and the content of particles at different grain-sizes. The results of this study can provide areas and times where atmospheric dustfall control should be reinforced, and provide strong scientific support for regulatory policies.
大气降尘是固体空气污染物，主要受本地源影响，因此对当地环境和当地居民健康有重大影响。本研究的目的是调查降尘通量和粒径的分布特征以及影响它们的气象因素。2018年3月至12月在中国西北干旱沙漠地区的一个露天煤矿区及周边地区采集大气降尘。测量降尘通量，采用图形法和粒度特征参数测量粒径，采用斯皮尔曼相关系数（SCC）和逐步线性回归（SLR）测量气象因素，采用SCC测量降尘通量、平均直径、不同粒径颗粒含量之间的相关性。结果表明，露天矿区和沙漠地区的降尘通量较大，春季和夏季的降尘通量较大。粒径分布频率呈单峰分布，沙漠地区的峰值和平均直径最大，春季和夏季的峰值和平均直径较大。影响降尘通量的主要气象因素是风速，影响粒径的主要气象因素是相对湿度。降尘通量与平均直径以及不同粒径颗粒含量之间无显著相关性。本研究结果可为加强大气降尘控制的区域和时间提供依据，并为监管政策提供有力的科学支持。
