Wu Hong-Xuan, Shi Chang-Qing, Zhang Yan, Zhao Ting-Ning, Hu Ping, Liu Yun, Chen Tong
School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2020 Mar 8;41(3):1167-1175. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201907037.
To study the concentration levels, pollution characteristics of each functional area, and sources of pollutants of the dust heavy metals Al, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Ti, V, and Zn in spring in Wuhai, 43 groups of dust samples were collected from different locations within the city from March to June 2018. The heavy metal mass concentration was then measured using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). The results showed that:①The average contents of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Cr, Ni, Sb, and Zn were 408.78, 1.97, 27.40, 38.93, 45.97, 25.41, 2.71, and 277.76 mg·kg, respectively, which were higher than the background values of the element soil. ②Only 5 of the 18 elements had significant differences in individual intervals, and the 18 elements had similar enrichment characteristics in 5 functional areas. This meant that the heavy metal pollution of dustfall in various functional areas of Wuhai was similar. ③As, Cd, Cr, and Pb elements were key pollution factors, and their comprehensive pollution indexes were 3.332, 2.622, 1.369, and 0.523, respectively, with As and Cd as primary factors. ④Through the analysis of pollution sources, it was found that in the Wuhai area the atmospheric dustfall was mainly caused by industrial emissions, coal burning, traffic dust, and coal mining and transportation. Factor analysis and multiple linear regression showed that coal was the main source of Cd pollution, with coal mining and transportation and industrial emissions accounting for 77.58% and 22.42%, respectively. The sources of As were complex, with 18.99% from industrial emissions, 15.87% from coal burning, and 6.79% from unknown sources.
为研究乌海市春季沙尘中重金属铝（Al）、砷（As）、钡（Ba）、铍（Be）、镉（Cd）、钴（Co）、铬（Cr）、铜（Cu）、铁（Fe）、锂（Li）、镁（Mg）、锰（Mn）、镍（Ni）、铅（Pb）、锑（Sb）、钛（Ti）、钒（V）和锌（Zn）的浓度水平、各功能区污染特征及污染物来源，于2018年3月至6月从该市不同地点采集了43组沙尘样本。然后使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP - OES）测定重金属质量浓度。结果表明：①砷、镉、铜、铅、铬、镍、锑和锌的平均含量分别为408.78、1.97、27.40、38.93、45.97、25.41、2.71和277.76 mg·kg，高于元素土壤背景值。②18种元素中仅5种元素在个别区间存在显著差异，18种元素在5个功能区具有相似的富集特征。这意味着乌海市各功能区降尘重金属污染情况相似。③砷、镉、铬和铅元素是关键污染因子，其综合污染指数分别为3.332、2.622、1.369和0.523，以砷和镉为主要因素。④通过污染源分析发现，乌海市大气降尘主要由工业排放、燃煤、交通扬尘以及煤炭开采与运输造成。因子分析和多元线性回归表明，煤炭是镉污染的主要来源，煤炭开采与运输和工业排放分别占77.58%和22.42%。砷的来源复杂，工业排放占18.99%，燃煤占15.87%，未知来源占6.79%。
