Ashtari Fereshteh, Birjandi Mahtab Sardashti, Adibi Iman, Feizi Awat, Ghalamkari Arshia, Toghianifar Nafiseh
Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Int J Prev Med. 2025 Feb 26;16:12. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_336_23. eCollection 2025.
To compare characteristics of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) between cigarette smokers and non-smokers.
A case-control study was performed on patients registered in the Kashani MS center from April 2019 to April 2020 in Isfahan, Iran. In total, 136 smoker patients and 220 non-smokers participated in the study and completed the questionnaire.
The frequency of male gender in the smoker group was significantly higher than in the non-smokers (64.7% vs. 15%, < 0.001). The mean age at MS onset was 31.5 ± 9.60 years among cigarette smokers and 29.7 ± 9.47 years among non-smokers ( = 0.794). Furthermore, 80% of cigarette smokers and 64% of non-smokers had at least one relapse per year (ARR ≥1, < 0.001). The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) of more than 4.5 was significantly higher in smokers (26.5% vs. 18%, = 0.023). There was a relation between an EDSS of more than 4.5 and an interval between smoking initiation and disease onset ( = 0.004). Long duration of smoking was associated with a higher disability scale (16.4 ± 9.5 vs. 9.8 ± 7.3, = 0.008). Men smoked for a longer period of time before developing MS than women (9.24 ± 10.07 vs. 4.47 ± 7.61, = 0.002). The average daily cigarette consumption was 7.74 ± 6.65 in women and 10.84 ± 9.44 in men ( = 0.024). Duration of smoking before the onset of the disease was 4.47 ± 7.61 years in women and 9.24 ± 10.07 in men ( = 0.002).
Our data suggest that there is a possible relationship between disability score and the duration of smoking before the onset of MS. It also revealed that the duration of smoking can affect the progression of the disease. Further studies are suggested to confirm these findings.
比较吸烟者与非吸烟者中多发性硬化症（MS）患者的特征。
对2019年4月至2020年4月在伊朗伊斯法罕的卡沙尼MS中心登记的患者进行了一项病例对照研究。共有136名吸烟患者和220名非吸烟患者参与了研究并完成了问卷调查。
吸烟组男性的比例显著高于非吸烟组（64.7%对15%，<0.001）。吸烟者中MS发病的平均年龄为31.5±9.60岁，非吸烟者为29.7±9.47岁（=0.794）。此外，80%的吸烟者和64%的非吸烟者每年至少有一次复发（年复发率≥1，<0.001）。吸烟者中扩展残疾状态量表（EDSS）大于4.5的比例显著更高（26.5%对18%，=0.023）。EDSS大于4.5与开始吸烟至疾病发作的间隔时间之间存在关联（=0.004）。吸烟时间长与更高的残疾量表相关（16.4±9.5对9.8±7.3，=0.008）。男性在患MS之前吸烟的时间比女性长（9.24±10.07对4.47±7.61，=0.002）。女性平均每日吸烟量为7.74±6.65支，男性为10.84±9.44支（=0.024）。疾病发作前的吸烟时间女性为4.47±7.61年，男性为9.24±10.07年（=0.002）。
我们的数据表明，残疾评分与MS发病前的吸烟时间之间可能存在关联。研究还表明，吸烟时间会影响疾病的进展。建议进一步研究以证实这些发现。
