Sequential and Long-term Therapy for Osteoporosis.

PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW

Osteoporosis requires life-long management. This involves the use of different drugs in various sequences followed by long-term maintenance therapy. This review highlights the important transitions among osteoporosis therapies and outlines a strategy of intermittent bisphosphonate therapy for long-term maintenance.

RECENT FINDINGS

Over the past few years, the effects and limitations of long-term treatment with bisphosphonates and denosumab have become apparent as have several key factors in the sequential use of anti-remodeling drugs and osteoanabolic agents. Strategies for transitions from estrogen, bisphosphonates, denosumab and the bone-forming drugs will be discussed, based on extant evidence, clinical experience and expert opinion. By appropriate selection of both the initial and subsequent drugs for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, therapeutic benefits can be optimized and safety issues minimized. Developing a strategy for long-term maintenance of the benefits of the initial therapies can provide a life plan for managing patients with osteoporosis.