Liang Yuanying, Li Hangyu, Tang Hu, Zhang Chunyang, Men Dong, Mayer Dirk
Guangdong Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510335, People's Republic of China.
Institute of Biological Information Processing, Bioelectronics IBI-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
Nanomicro Lett. 2025 Mar 24;17(1):198. doi: 10.1007/s40820-025-01708-1.
Rapid development of artificial intelligence requires the implementation of hardware systems with bioinspired parallel information processing and presentation and energy efficiency. Electrolyte-gated organic transistors (EGOTs) offer significant advantages as neuromorphic devices due to their ultra-low operation voltages, minimal hardwired connectivity, and similar operation environment as electrophysiology. Meanwhile, ionic-electronic coupling and the relatively low elastic moduli of organic channel materials make EGOTs suitable for interfacing with biology. This review presents an overview of the device architectures based on organic electrochemical transistors and organic field-effect transistors. Furthermore, we review the requirements of low energy consumption and tunable synaptic plasticity of EGOTs in emulating biological synapses and how they are affected by the organic materials, electrolyte, architecture, and operation mechanism. In addition, we summarize the basic operation principle of biological sensory systems and the recent progress of EGOTs as a building block in artificial systems. Finally, the current challenges and future development of the organic neuromorphic devices are discussed.
人工智能的快速发展需要实现具有生物启发式并行信息处理、呈现和能源效率的硬件系统。电解质门控有机晶体管（EGOTs）作为神经形态器件具有显著优势，因为它们具有超低工作电压、最少的硬连线连接以及与电生理学相似的操作环境。同时，离子 - 电子耦合以及有机通道材料相对较低的弹性模量使EGOTs适合与生物进行接口连接。本文综述了基于有机电化学晶体管和有机场效应晶体管的器件架构。此外，我们回顾了EGOTs在模拟生物突触时对低能耗和可调突触可塑性的要求，以及它们如何受到有机材料、电解质、架构和操作机制的影响。另外，我们总结了生物传感系统的基本操作原理以及EGOTs作为人工系统构建模块的最新进展。最后，讨论了有机神经形态器件当前面临的挑战和未来的发展。
