Nicoletti Rafael Antunes, de Souza Thiago Pereira, Miotto Danyelle S, Duchatsch Francine, Tardelli Lidieli Pazin, de Paula Vinicius Ferreira, Amaral Sandra Lia, Zago Anderson Saranz
Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Movement Science, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, SP, Brazil.
Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2025 Mar 19;21:125-138. doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S478482. eCollection 2025.
Aerobic training has been considered beneficial for determining the detrimental alterations in blood vessels caused by aging.
Evaluate the relationship between the preventive effects of aerobic exercise and time of practice on cardiovascular health, in aged Wistar rats.
Wistar rats (16 months) were divided into 3 groups: (1) sedentary (AGED); (2) long-term trained\61 weeks (LTT); and (3) short-term trained\final 8 weeks of life (STT). Body weight, maximum physical capacity, systolic blood pressure (SBP), pulse wave velocity (PWV), plasma nitrite (NO), oxidative stress (TBARS), wall thickness, the wall-to-lumen ratio, and collagen of the thoracic aorta, carotid, and femoral arteries were measured.
Both trained groups showed an increase in physical capacity when compared to the AGED group (p=<0.001 for LTT and p=0.011 for STT), and the LTT group demonstrated higher values when compared to the STT group (p= 0.004). The LTT group presented attenuation of PWV (p= 0.002) and a reduction in the wall thickness and wall-to-lumen ratio of the thoracic aorta (p=0.032 and 0.008, respectively) and carotid arteries (p=0.019 and 0.012, respectively) when compared to the AGED group. The STT group presented a reduction in TBARS compared to the AGED group (p=0.046). Additionally, both trained groups (LTT and STT) presented a reduction in the percentage of arterial collagen compared to the AGED group in the thoracic aorta (p=<0.001 and p=0.001 respectively) and carotid arteries (p= <0.008 and p= 0.041 respectively).
This study demonstrated that long-term training decreased the level of collagen, PWV values, wall thickness, and the wall-to-lumen ratio of the aorta and carotid arteries compared to the AGED group. Moreover, short-term training reduced TBARS and collagen percentage in the aorta and carotid arteries compared to the AGED group.
有氧训练被认为有助于确定衰老引起的血管有害变化。
评估老年Wistar大鼠有氧运动的预防作用与训练时间对心血管健康的关系。
将16个月大的Wistar大鼠分为3组：（1）久坐不动组（老年组）；（2）长期训练组（61周，LTT）；（3）短期训练组（生命最后8周，STT）。测量体重、最大体能、收缩压（SBP）、脉搏波速度（PWV）、血浆亚硝酸盐（NO）、氧化应激（TBARS）、胸主动脉、颈动脉和股动脉的壁厚、壁腔比和胶原蛋白。
与老年组相比，两个训练组的体能均有所增加（LTT组p<0.001，STT组p=0.011），且LTT组的值高于STT组（p=0.004）。与老年组相比，LTT组的PWV有所降低（p=0.002），胸主动脉（分别为p=0.032和0.008）和颈动脉（分别为p=0.019和0.012）的壁厚和壁腔比有所降低。与老年组相比，STT组的TBARS有所降低（p=0.046）。此外，与老年组相比，两个训练组（LTT和STT）胸主动脉（分别为p<0.001和p=0.001）和颈动脉（分别为p<0.008和p=0.041）的动脉胶原蛋白百分比均有所降低。
本研究表明，与老年组相比，长期训练降低了主动脉和颈动脉的胶原蛋白水平、PWV值、壁厚和壁腔比。此外，与老年组相比，短期训练降低了主动脉和颈动脉的TBARS和胶原蛋白百分比。
