Samantasinghar Anupama, Sunildutt Naina, Ahmed Faheem, Memon Fida Hussain, Kang Chulung, Choi Kyung Hyun
Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.
Department of Electrical Engineering, Sukkur IBA University, Sindh 65200, Pakistan.
ACS Omega. 2025 Mar 10;10(10):9869-9889. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c11227. eCollection 2025 Mar 18.
The limitation of animal models to imitate a therapeutic response in humans is a key problem that challenges their use in fundamental research. Organ-on-a-chip (OOC) devices, also called microphysiological systems (MPS), are devices containing a lining of living cells grown under dynamic flow to recapitulate the important features of human physiology and pathophysiology with high precision. Recent advances in microfabrication and tissue engineering techniques have led to the wide adoption of OOC in next-generation experimental platforms. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the OOC systems, categorizing them by flow types (single-pass and multipass), operational mechanisms (pumpless and pump-driven), and configurations (single-organ and multiorgan systems), along with their respective advantages and limitations. Furthermore, it explores the integration of qualitative and quantitative assay techniques, providing a comparative evaluation of systems with and without sensor integration. This review aims to fill essential knowledge gaps, driving the progress of the development of OOC systems and paving the way for breakthroughs in biomedical research, pharmaceutical innovation, and tissue engineering.
动物模型在模拟人类治疗反应方面的局限性是一个关键问题，这对其在基础研究中的应用构成了挑战。芯片器官（OOC）装置，也称为微生理系统（MPS），是一种包含在动态流动下生长的活细胞内衬的装置，能够高精度地再现人类生理学和病理生理学的重要特征。微制造和组织工程技术的最新进展已导致OOC在下一代实验平台中得到广泛应用。本综述对OOC系统进行了全面分析，根据流动类型（单程和多程）、运行机制（无泵和泵驱动）和配置（单器官和多器官系统）对其进行分类，并阐述了它们各自的优缺点。此外，还探讨了定性和定量分析技术的整合，对有无传感器整合的系统进行了比较评估。本综述旨在填补重要的知识空白，推动OOC系统的发展进步，为生物医学研究、药物创新和组织工程领域的突破铺平道路。
