Farooq Asim, Amin Aatif, Bashir Shaarif, Fatima Merium, Hassan Muhammad, Sheikh Ali Zafar, Tahseen Muhammad, Sheikh Umer Nisar, Asghar Kashif
Basic Sciences Research, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Onco Targets Ther. 2025 Mar 17;18:367-377. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S494899. eCollection 2025.
Osteosarcoma, a prevalent bone malignancy in children and adolescents, is currently treated through surgical resection and chemotherapy. Advancements in cancer research are targeting immune checkpoint molecules, such as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, to advance the development of immunotherapy. However, the scarcity of research on IDO in osteosarcoma results in an absence of comprehensive data, highlighting the conflicting findings surrounding IDO's role in various cancers. Our study aims to explore IDO expression in primary tumors and metastatic lesions among osteosarcoma patients, investigating its association with clinicopathological characteristics and assessing its impact on survival outcomes.
150 patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma were selected between 2009 and 2019 from the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan. FFPE tissue samples of primary tumors and metastatic lesions were retrieved to conduct immunohistochemical analysis. Moreover, the clinicopathological data of these patients were gathered from the hospital information system.
Out of 150 patients, primary tumors were accessible for 134 individuals, while metastatic lesions were available for 49 patients. IDO expression was identified in 9 (6.71%) primary tumors and 2 (4.08%) metastatic lesions among osteosarcoma patients. Furthermore, 3 patients exhibited high expression (27.3%), while 8 displayed low IDO expression (72.7%).
Our comprehensive study findings indicate that most osteosarcoma patients do not exhibit expression of IDO. This absence of expression aligns with the characteristic "cold" tumor microenvironment observed in osteosarcoma. Further investigations are imperative to provide deeper insights into the intricacies of this immunomodulatory factor in the context of osteosarcoma.
骨肉瘤是儿童和青少年中常见的骨恶性肿瘤，目前通过手术切除和化疗进行治疗。癌症研究的进展正针对免疫检查点分子，如吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶，以推进免疫疗法的发展。然而，关于骨肉瘤中吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶（IDO）的研究稀缺，导致缺乏全面的数据，凸显了围绕IDO在各种癌症中作用的相互矛盾的研究结果。我们的研究旨在探讨骨肉瘤患者原发肿瘤和转移病灶中IDO的表达，研究其与临床病理特征的关联，并评估其对生存结果的影响。
2009年至2019年间，从巴基斯坦拉合尔的沙卡特汗姆纪念癌症医院和研究中心选取了150例诊断为骨肉瘤的患者。获取原发肿瘤和转移病灶的福尔马林固定石蜡包埋（FFPE）组织样本，进行免疫组织化学分析。此外，从医院信息系统收集这些患者的临床病理数据。
150例患者中，134例可获取原发肿瘤样本，49例可获取转移病灶样本。在骨肉瘤患者的原发肿瘤中，9例（6.71%）检测到IDO表达，转移病灶中有2例（4.08%）检测到IDO表达。此外，3例患者表现为高表达（27.3%），8例表现为低IDO表达（72.7%）。
我们的综合研究结果表明，大多数骨肉瘤患者未表现出IDO表达。这种表达缺失与骨肉瘤中观察到的典型“冷”肿瘤微环境一致。有必要进行进一步研究，以更深入地了解这种免疫调节因子在骨肉瘤背景下的复杂性。
