Sun An-Pyng, Ho Chih-Hsiang, Kuss Daria J, Cross Chad L
School of Social Work, Greenspun College of Urban Affairs, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States.
Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States.
Addict Behav Rep. 2025 Feb 22;21:100592. doi: 10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100592. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Classifying problematic gaming/gaming disorder as a formal psychiatric diagnosis requires data on its level of temporal stability: are the dysfunctional symptoms transient or can they persist in the absence of treatment? To evaluate this question, we conducted a literature review and -analysis to investigate temporal stability in problematic gaming/gaming disorder. We identified 50 relevant longitudinal studies on PubMed, PsycINFO, and SCOPUS. Our review and -analysis engaged on two types of temporal stability: categorical stability and dimensional stability. We used MetaXL to run the -analysis for categorical stability. Our -analysis revealed that overall, the categorical stability rate was approximately 34-38% for the 2-year follow-up studies and approximately 43-45% for the 1-year follow-up studies. This indicates that between 1/3 and 1/2 of the gamers who initially met the threshold for problematic gaming/gaming disorder continued to meet such a threshold at follow-ups. Our -analysis included predominantly adolescent groups, which should be noted when generalizing the obtained categorical stability rates. Our review results also showed that overall, the dimensional stability was positive and statistically significant, indicating moderate or high correlations between symptom severity at baseline and at follow-ups. Temporal stability can be a complex concept. Our results suggest that although the categorical stability of problematic gaming/gaming disorder is not as strong as some major psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, it is similar to personality disorder and gambling disorder. Many complex factors may affect the temporal stability of problematic gaming/gaming disorder, possibly including severity of the disorder, whether the data is from clinical or nonclinical populations, and an individual's age group or developmental stage. More methodologically rigorous longitudinal studies that address these issues are needed.
将问题性游戏/游戏障碍归类为正式的精神科诊断需要有关其时间稳定性水平的数据：功能失调症状是短暂的，还是在未接受治疗的情况下会持续存在？为了评估这个问题，我们进行了一项文献综述和分析，以研究问题性游戏/游戏障碍的时间稳定性。我们在PubMed、PsycINFO和SCOPUS上确定了50项相关的纵向研究。我们的综述和分析涉及两种时间稳定性：类别稳定性和维度稳定性。我们使用MetaXL对类别稳定性进行分析。我们的分析表明，总体而言，2年随访研究的类别稳定性率约为34%-38%，1年随访研究的类别稳定性率约为43%-45%。这表明，最初符合问题性游戏/游戏障碍阈值的玩家中，有三分之一到二分之一在随访时仍符合该阈值。我们的分析主要包括青少年群体，在推广所获得的类别稳定性率时应予以注意。我们的综述结果还表明，总体而言，维度稳定性是积极的且具有统计学意义，表明基线和随访时症状严重程度之间存在中度或高度相关性。时间稳定性可能是一个复杂的概念。我们的结果表明，虽然问题性游戏/游戏障碍的类别稳定性不如精神分裂症和双相情感障碍等一些主要精神障碍那么强，但与人格障碍和赌博障碍相似。许多复杂因素可能会影响问题性游戏/游戏障碍的时间稳定性，可能包括障碍的严重程度、数据是来自临床还是非临床人群，以及个体的年龄组或发育阶段。需要更多在方法上更严谨的纵向研究来解决这些问题。
