Lim Tong Wah, Huang Shi, Burrow Michael Francis, McGrath Colman
Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR.
Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
J Dent. 2025 May;156:105709. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105709. Epub 2025 Mar 22.
To evaluate and characterise the microbial compositional changes of removable dentures after interventions by comparing the efficacy of the test arm (a portable self-operated ultrasonic cleaner combined with an enzymatic peroxide-based denture cleanser solution) to the control arm (immersion of the denture in the same cleanser solution followed by conventional brushing).
A prospective, single-blind, block-randomised, two-period crossover, controlled clinical trial was conducted, involving 56 community-dwelling older adults wearing removable acrylic dentures. They were block-randomized into the test/control or control/test denture cleaning sequence. Type IIB Restriction-site Associated DNA for Microbiome metagenomic sequencing was adopted to characterize the species-resolved microbial composition for denture biofilm.
For the intervention effect, the overall microbial richness in both arms was not significantly different based on the Chao 1 index (P = 0.343). However, Beta diversity analysis (Jaccard qualitative distance matrix) demonstrated significant differences in the microbial community structures between the Test and Control arms after interventions, confirmed by the Permanova test (R = 0.01118, P = 0.034). Among the opportunistic pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected as one of the top 30 species by relative abundance at the end of the clinical trial, and Enterobacter kobei was significantly enriched in the control arm, as determined by LEfSe analysis.
The microbial community of denture biofilm samples after both interventions were significantly 'shifted' and had limited numbers of opportunistic pathogens, suggesting the interventions equally effective in mitigating the overall number of pathogenic bacteria.
Denture cleaning intervention using ultrasonic cleaner combined with immersion in denture cleanser solution appears to be effective in shifting the denture microbiome with reduced pathogenic bacteria among community-dwelling denture wearers.
通过比较试验组（便携式自操作超声清洁器联合基于过氧化物酶的假牙清洁酶溶液）与对照组（将假牙浸泡在相同清洁溶液中，随后进行常规刷牙）的效果，评估并描述可摘义齿干预后的微生物组成变化。
进行了一项前瞻性、单盲、区组随机、两阶段交叉对照临床试验，纳入56名佩戴可摘丙烯酸假牙的社区老年人。他们被区组随机分为试验/对照或对照/试验假牙清洁顺序。采用IIB型微生物组宏基因组测序的限制性位点相关DNA来表征假牙生物膜的物种解析微生物组成。
对于干预效果，基于Chao 1指数，两组的总体微生物丰富度无显著差异（P = 0.343）。然而，β多样性分析（Jaccard定性距离矩阵）显示，干预后试验组和对照组之间的微生物群落结构存在显著差异，经Permanova检验证实（R = 0.01118，P = 0.034）。在机会致病菌中，铜绿假单胞菌在临床试验结束时按相对丰度被检测为前30种物种之一，通过LEfSe分析确定，科氏肠杆菌在对照组中显著富集。
两种干预后假牙生物膜样本的微生物群落均发生了显著“变化”，机会致病菌数量有限，表明两种干预在减少病原菌总数方面同样有效。
使用超声清洁器联合浸泡假牙清洁溶液的假牙清洁干预似乎能有效改变社区假牙佩戴者的假牙微生物群，减少病原菌。
