Jiya Namrata, Sanap Avinash, Srivastava Shruti, Kheur Supriya, Sharma Avinash
National Centre for Microbial Resource, BRIC-National Centre for Cell Science-411007, Pune, India.
Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India.
J Oral Biosci. 2025 Mar 22:100656. doi: 10.1016/j.job.2025.100656.
We compared the oral bacteriome and mycobiome of patients with oral submucosal fibrosis (OSMF) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) who consumed tobacco/betel quid with those of healthy individuals.
Targeted amplicon sequencing coupled with bioinformatics analysis was performed to assess the bacterial and fungal communities in the oral cavity.
Distinct variations in the microbial communities were observed among the healthy, OSMF, and OSCC samples. Firmicutes was dominant at the phylum level: 21.71%, 21.73%, and 24.56% in the healthy control, OSMF, and OSCC samples, respectively. Lactobacillus (9.6%, 9.04%, and 8.9%) and Streptococcus (7.3%, 7.55%, and 6.1%) showed minimal variation among the healthy, OSMF, and OSCC samples, respectively, at the genus level. Rothia (2.73%) and Veillonella (1.52%) were prominent in those with OSMF, and Gemella (2.2%) and Fusobacterium (1.5%) were prominent in the OSCC samples. The oral mycobiome was dominated by Ascomycota and Basidiomycota in all samples, with Ascomycota accounting for 18.95%, 16.05%, and 15.87%, and Basidiomycota for 13.55%, 15.79%, and 15.96% in the OSCC, OSMF, and healthy samples, respectively. PICRUSt2 analysis revealed the key metabolic pathways linked to disease and xenobiotic degradation, related to the harmful compounds from tobacco, highlighting the clinical relevance of tobacco and betel quid associated microbial communities as well as the differences between OSCC and OSMF.
Microbial signatures associated with OSCC and OSMF could serve as biomarkers for early cancer detection. These findings highlight how tobacco and betel quid consumption promote cancer and alter the oral microbome.
我们比较了食用烟草/槟榔的口腔黏膜下纤维化（OSMF）患者、口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）患者与健康个体的口腔细菌群落和真菌群落。
采用靶向扩增子测序结合生物信息学分析来评估口腔中的细菌和真菌群落。
在健康、OSMF和OSCC样本中观察到微生物群落存在明显差异。在门水平上，厚壁菌门占主导：健康对照、OSMF和OSCC样本中分别为21.71%、21.73%和24.56%。在属水平上，乳酸杆菌（分别为9.6%、9.04%和8.9%）和链球菌（分别为7.3%、7.55%和6.1%）在健康、OSMF和OSCC样本中的变化最小。罗氏菌属（2.73%）和韦荣球菌属（1.52%）在OSMF患者中较为突出，而孪生球菌属（2.2%）和梭杆菌属（1.5%）在OSCC样本中较为突出。在所有样本中，口腔真菌群落以子囊菌门和担子菌门为主，在OSCC、OSMF和健康样本中，子囊菌门分别占18.95%、16.05%和15.87%，担子菌门分别占13.55%、15.79%和15.96%。PICRUSt2分析揭示了与疾病和异生物质降解相关的关键代谢途径，与烟草中的有害化合物有关，突出了烟草和槟榔相关微生物群落的临床相关性以及OSCC和OSMF之间的差异。
与OSCC和OSMF相关的微生物特征可作为早期癌症检测的生物标志物。这些发现凸显了食用烟草和槟榔如何促进癌症并改变口腔微生物群。
