Crispino Angela, Varricchio Silvia, Esposito Aurora, Marfella Alessandra, Cerbone Dora, Perna Angelica, Petronio Petronio Giulio, Staibano Stefania, Merolla Francesco, Ilardi Gennaro
Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Pathology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
Pathologica. 2024 Dec;116(6):338-357. doi: 10.32074/1591-951X-N867.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, the incidence of OSCC is increasing, and the mortality rate remains high. This systematic review aims to examine the potential association between the composition of the oral microbiota and OSCC.
This study's protocol was developed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Several search engines, including Medline-PubMed, Scopus (via Elsevier), and Google Scholar, were used to identify original studies that analyzed differences in the oral microbiome between OSCC patients and controls. Twenty-seven studies were identified that reported significant differences in microbial abundance between OSCC and controls.
The systematic review highlights a complex relationship between the oral microbiome and the pathogenesis of OSCC. Significant changes in the microbial composition were identified, with a predominance of phyla such as , which are associated with inflammatory mechanisms facilitating tumor progression. A remarkable variability in microbial profiles emerged based on the different stages of the disease and the types of samples analyzed, demonstrating the complexity of the oral microbial ecosystem.
Although alterations in the oral cavity microbiome composition are evident in patients with OSCC, identifying a specific pattern remains challenging. However, the integration of advanced analytical techniques, such as artificial intelligence, could overcome this problem, allowing the identification of crucial biomarkers and improving the understanding of the role of the microbiome in carcinogenesis. This approach could transform microbiome analysis into a useful tool for screening and monitoring patients with OSCC.
口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）是全球最常见的癌症之一。尽管在诊断和治疗方面取得了进展，但OSCC的发病率仍在上升，死亡率仍然很高。本系统评价旨在研究口腔微生物群组成与OSCC之间的潜在关联。
本研究方案是根据PRISMA指南制定的。使用了多个搜索引擎，包括Medline-PubMed、Scopus（通过爱思唯尔）和谷歌学术，以确定分析OSCC患者与对照组口腔微生物组差异的原始研究。共确定了27项研究，这些研究报告了OSCC与对照组之间微生物丰度的显著差异。
该系统评价突出了口腔微生物组与OSCC发病机制之间的复杂关系。确定了微生物组成的显著变化，以与促进肿瘤进展的炎症机制相关的门为主。基于疾病的不同阶段和所分析样本的类型，微生物谱出现了显著差异，这表明了口腔微生物生态系统的复杂性。
尽管OSCC患者口腔微生物组组成的改变很明显，但确定一种特定模式仍然具有挑战性。然而，整合先进的分析技术，如人工智能，可以克服这个问题，从而能够识别关键生物标志物，并增进对微生物组在致癌作用中作用的理解。这种方法可以将微生物组分析转变为一种用于筛查和监测OSCC患者的有用工具。
