Yang Yuxiao, Wang Jia, Liu Yuan, Yu Jiali, Chen Guanyu, Du Shiyu
Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.
Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Front Nutr. 2025 Mar 10;12:1534336. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1534336. eCollection 2025.
Oxidative stress is a significant contributor to the progression of gallstones. However, the combined or independent effects of dietary and lifestyle pro-antioxidants and antioxidants on gallstone formation remain unclear. Our study aims to investigate the potential link between the oxidative balance score (OBS) and the occurrence of gallstones.
This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), conducted in the United States between 2017 and March 2020, identifying 750 gallstone cases among the 7,489 participants. Gallstone status was self-reported. The data in this study were analyzed using a range of statistical techniques, such as Multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline curves (RCS), mediation effects analysis, subgroup analyses and sensitivity analysis.
Using fully adjusted multivariable logistic regression analysis, we identified a significant negative correlation between OBS and the occurrence of gallstones, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.97 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.96 to 0.99. Furthermore, participants in the highest quartile of OBS exhibited a 41% reduced risk of gallstones compared to those in the lowest quartile, with an OR of 0.59 (95% CI: 0.45, 0.79) relative to the reference population. Additionally, a linear inverse association between OBS and gallstones was observed. Mediation analysis indicated that diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) mediated 3.5 and 4% of the association between OBS and gallstones, respectively.
This research suggests that lower OBS levels are associated with a higher susceptibility to gallstone formation, potentially offering a new perspective on clinical strategies for the management and prevention of gallstones.
氧化应激是胆结石进展的一个重要因素。然而，饮食和生活方式中的促抗氧化剂和抗氧化剂对胆结石形成的联合或独立作用仍不清楚。我们的研究旨在探讨氧化平衡评分（OBS）与胆结石发生之间的潜在联系。
本研究利用了2017年至2020年3月在美国进行的国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据，在7489名参与者中识别出750例胆结石病例。胆结石状态为自我报告。本研究中的数据使用了一系列统计技术进行分析，如多变量逻辑回归、受限立方样条曲线（RCS）、中介效应分析、亚组分析和敏感性分析。
通过完全调整的多变量逻辑回归分析，我们发现OBS与胆结石的发生之间存在显著的负相关，优势比（OR）为0.97，95%置信区间（CI）为0.96至0.99。此外，与最低四分位数的参与者相比，OBS最高四分位数的参与者患胆结石的风险降低了41%，相对于参考人群的OR为0.59（95%CI：0.45，0.79）。此外，还观察到OBS与胆结石之间存在线性负相关。中介分析表明，糖尿病和心血管疾病（CVD）分别介导了OBS与胆结石之间3.5%和4%的关联。
本研究表明，较低的OBS水平与较高的胆结石形成易感性相关，这可能为胆结石的管理和预防临床策略提供新的视角。
