Iweala Emeka Joshua, Okore Finian Uchenna, Okoro Benedict Chukwuebuka, Dania Omoremime Elizabeth, Amuji Doris Nnenna, Ugbogu Eziuche Amadike
Department of Biochemistry, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Department of Biochemistry, Abia State University, PMB 2000, Uturu, Abia State, Nigeria.
Toxicol Rep. 2025 Mar 1;14:101982. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101982. eCollection 2025 Jun.
This study investigated the phytochemical composition and toxicity profile of Persea americana seed oil (PASO) in albino Wistar rats.
Chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyse the chemical constituents of PASO. For the acute toxicity test, PASO was administered orally in a single dose of up to 3000 mg/kg body weight (bw). For the subacute toxicity test, the rats were divided into four (4) groups. Group I (normal control), while groups II, III and IV received 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg PASO daily, respectively, for 14 days.
In the acute toxicity test, the lethal dose (LD) of PASO was estimated to be 1477.83 mg/kg. In the subacute toxicity test, PASO significantly increased (p < 0.05) aspartate aminotransferase, creatine phosphokinase, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, urea, malondialdehyde, high density lipoprotein, interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) and cardiac troponin and significantly decreased glutathione, red blood cells (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), superoxide dismutase and catalase compared to the control group.
Our study showed that the LD of PASO is 1477.83 mg/kg body weight, which classifies it as a moderately toxic substance. In subacute toxicity, our results revealed that treatment with PASO resulted in an increase in liver enzymes, urea and creatinine, and inflammatory markers, and a decrease in antioxidant enzymes, suggesting that PASO impairs liver and kidney functions and may cause cardiac or muscle damage in albino Wistar rats.
本研究调查了鳄梨籽油（PASO）在白化Wistar大鼠体内的植物化学成分和毒性特征。
采用色谱 - 质谱联用（GC - MS）分析PASO的化学成分。急性毒性试验中，以高达3000mg/kg体重（bw）的单次口服剂量给予PASO。亚急性毒性试验中，将大鼠分为四组。第一组（正常对照组），而第二、三、四组分别每天接受200、300和400mg/kg的PASO，持续14天。
在急性毒性试验中，PASO的致死剂量（LD）估计为1477.83mg/kg。在亚急性毒性试验中，与对照组相比，PASO显著增加（p < 0.05）了天冬氨酸转氨酶、肌酸磷酸激酶、丙氨酸转氨酶、肌酐、碱性磷酸酶、尿素、丙二醛、高密度脂蛋白、白细胞介素1 - β（IL - 1β）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF - α）和心肌肌钙蛋白，显著降低了谷胱甘肽、红细胞（RBC）、红细胞压积（PCV）、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶。
我们的研究表明，PASO的LD为1477.83mg/kg体重，将其归类为中度毒性物质。在亚急性毒性方面，我们的结果显示，用PASO处理导致肝酶、尿素和肌酐以及炎症标志物增加，抗氧化酶减少，表明PASO损害白化Wistar大鼠的肝肾功能，并可能导致心脏或肌肉损伤。
