Costa Gabriella Longo Carvalho, Mululo Ana Carolina Vieira, Araujo Marina Campos
Epidemiology in Public Health Postgraduate Program at Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health at Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (ENSP-Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Epidemiology in Public Health Doctoral Program at Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health at Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (ENSP-Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 25;15(1):10304. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-94495-z.
This study aims to describe the differences in diet and weight status of the adult urban Brazilian population by commuting time to work (CTW). Cross-sectional study with data from 69,713 adult workers (20-59 years) from the 2017-2018 Household Budget Survey. The mean consumption of 19 food groups was estimated under four CTW categories for a subsample of 16,967 adults from urban areas (adults from rural areas were excluded). Linear models estimated the predicted mean consumption and 95% confidence interval (CI) by CTW level, adjusted for potential confounding factors. In contrast, logistic models were used to estimate the association between overweight and CTW. The statistical software SAS OnDemand for Academics was used and the analyses considered the sampling weights and the complex sampling plan. Approximately 25% of adults commuted for up to 5 min, 47% for 6-30 min, 17% for 31 min to 1 h, and 10% for more than 1 h. Individuals with CTW > 1 h had lower fruit and higher bean consumption than those with CTW < 5 min. The adjusted analysis showed that fruit consumption remained lower among those with CTW > 1 h. There were no significant differences in the consumption of other foods, and no association was found between overweight and CTW. Urban adults with longer CTW had lower fruit consumption, highlighting the need for policies to improve urban mobility and access to healthy foods.
本研究旨在按上班通勤时间（CTW）描述巴西成年城市人口在饮食和体重状况方面的差异。采用横断面研究方法，数据来自2017 - 2018年家庭预算调查中的69713名成年劳动者（20 - 59岁）。对来自城市地区的16967名成年人（不包括农村地区的成年人）的子样本，估计了19个食物组在四个CTW类别下的平均消费量。线性模型通过CTW水平估计预测平均消费量和95%置信区间（CI），并对潜在混杂因素进行了调整。相比之下，逻辑模型用于估计超重与CTW之间的关联。使用了统计软件SAS OnDemand for Academics，分析考虑了抽样权重和复杂抽样方案。约25%的成年人通勤时间长达5分钟，47%为6 - 30分钟，17%为31分钟至1小时，10%超过1小时。CTW＞l小时的个体比CTW＜5分钟的个体水果消费量更低，豆类消费量更高。调整分析显示，CTW＞1小时的个体水果消费量仍然较低。其他食物的消费量没有显著差异，超重与CTW之间也未发现关联。通勤时间较长的城市成年人水果消费量较低，这凸显了制定政策以改善城市交通便利性和获取健康食品的必要性。
