Velarde-Sotres Álvaro, Bores-Cerezal Antonio, Alemany-Iturriaga Josep, Calleja-González Julio
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain.
Departamento de Salud, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche, Mexico.
Front Sports Act Living. 2025 Mar 10;7:1565900. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2025.1565900. eCollection 2025.
Scientific research should be carried out to prevent sports injuries. For this purpose, new assessment technologies must be used to analyze and identify the risk factors for injury. The main objective of this systematic review was to compile, synthesize and integrate international research published in different scientific databases on Countermovement Jump (CMJ), Functional Movement Screen (FMS) and Tensiomyography (TMG) tests and technologies for the assessment of injury risk in sport. This way, this review determines the current state of the knowledge about this topic and allows a better understanding of the existing problems, making easier the development of future lines of research.
A structured search was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the PICOS model until November 30, 2024, in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, SciELO, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus and Scopus databases. The risk of bias was assessed and the PEDro scale was used to analyze methodological quality.
A total of 510 articles were obtained in the initial search. After inclusion and exclusion criteria, the final sample was 40 articles. These studies maintained a high standard of quality. This revealed the effects of the CMJ, FMS and TMG methods for sports injury assessment, indicating the sample population, sport modality, assessment methods, type of research design, study variables, main findings and intervention effects.
The CMJ vertical jump allows us to evaluate the power capacity of the lower extremities, both unilaterally and bilaterally, detect neuromuscular asymmetries and evaluate fatigue. Likewise, FMS could be used to assess an athlete's basic movement patterns, mobility and postural stability. Finally, TMG is a non-invasive method to assess the contractile properties of superficial muscles, monitor the effects of training, detect muscle asymmetries, symmetries, provide information on muscle tone and evaluate fatigue. Therefore, they should be considered as assessment tests and technologies to individualize training programs and identify injury risk factors.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024607563, PROSPERO (CRD42024607563).
应开展科学研究以预防运动损伤。为此，必须采用新的评估技术来分析和识别损伤风险因素。本系统评价的主要目的是汇编、综合和整合在不同科学数据库中发表的关于反向纵跳（CMJ）、功能性动作筛查（FMS）和张力肌电图（TMG）测试及技术在评估运动损伤风险方面的国际研究。通过这种方式，本综述确定了关于该主题的当前知识状态，并有助于更好地理解现有问题，从而更轻松地开展未来的研究方向。
按照系统评价与Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南和PICOS模型，于2024年11月30日前在MEDLINE/PubMed、科学网（WOS）、ScienceDirect、Cochrane图书馆、SciELO、EMBASE、SPORTDiscus和Scopus数据库中进行结构化检索。评估偏倚风险，并使用PEDro量表分析方法学质量。
初始检索共获得510篇文章。经过纳入和排除标准后，最终样本为40篇文章。这些研究保持了较高的质量标准。这揭示了CMJ、FMS和TMG方法在运动损伤评估中的效果，表明了样本人群、运动方式、评估方法、研究设计类型、研究变量、主要发现和干预效果。
CMJ垂直跳使我们能够评估下肢的单侧和双侧力量能力，检测神经肌肉不对称性并评估疲劳。同样，FMS可用于评估运动员的基本运动模式、灵活性和姿势稳定性。最后，TMG是一种评估表层肌肉收缩特性、监测训练效果、检测肌肉不对称性和对称性、提供肌张力信息并评估疲劳的非侵入性方法。因此，它们应被视为用于个性化训练计划和识别损伤风险因素的评估测试及技术。
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024607563，PROSPERO（CRD42024607563）
