Hu Yaolian, Sang Ni, Wu Aimin, Pu Junning, Yan Hui, Luo Junqiu, Zheng Ping, Luo Yuheng, Yu Jie, He Jun, Yu Bing, Chen Daiwen
Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
Anim Nutr. 2024 Dec 31;21:25-36. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.12.003. eCollection 2025 Jun.
The purpose of this research was to investigate how different bile acids impact lipid metabolism and carcass characteristics in finishing pigs, along with the potential mechanisms involved. Twenty-one finishing pigs (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire [DLY]; average BW = 144.38 ± 8.92 kg) were assigned to three dietary treatments, with each treatment containing seven replicates, each consisting of one pig. The three dietary treatments included: a basic diet, a basic diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg of hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA), and a basic diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg of lithocholic acid (LCA). The trial lasted for 28 d. Hyodeoxycholic acid was used in the in vitro experiments and added to mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes for 4 d to elucidate the mechanism by which bile acids regulate lipid metabolism. The results suggested that HDCA tended to decrease backfat thickness in finishing pigs ( = 0.094) and reduced the size of lipid droplets in 3T3-L1 adipocytes ( = 0.012), whereas LCA increased backfat thickness ( = 0.016) and induced larger lipid droplets in the abdominal adipose tissue ( = 0.003). Furthermore, HDCA enhanced the expression of Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5 protein and hormone-sensitive lipase () gene in backfat of pigs ( < 0.05) and increased the protein expression of phosphorylated HSL (p-HSL) in vitro ( = 0.093). Compared to HDCA, LCA addition increased the gene and protein expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma in backfat of pigs ( < 0.05) and enhanced the expression of hepatic genes sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c and fatty acid synthase ( < 0.05). In conclusion, HDCA enhanced lipolysis and partially decreased backfat thickness in finishing pigs, while LCA promoted lipid synthesis and increased backfat thickness of pigs. The variations in the effects of various bile acids on bile acid receptors could explain these functional differences.
本研究的目的是探究不同胆汁酸如何影响育肥猪的脂质代谢和胴体特性，以及其中涉及的潜在机制。选用21头育肥猪（杜洛克×长白×大白[DLY]；平均体重=144.38±8.92千克），分为三种日粮处理组，每组处理设7个重复，每个重复1头猪。三种日粮处理包括：基础日粮、添加500毫克/千克猪去氧胆酸（HDCA）的基础日粮和添加500毫克/千克石胆酸（LCA）的基础日粮。试验持续28天。在体外实验中使用猪去氧胆酸，并添加到成熟的3T3-L1脂肪细胞中4天，以阐明胆汁酸调节脂质代谢的机制。结果表明，HDCA倾向于降低育肥猪的背膘厚度（P=0.094），并减小3T3-L1脂肪细胞中脂滴的大小（P=0.012），而LCA增加了背膘厚度（P=0.016），并诱导腹部脂肪组织中出现更大的脂滴（P=0.003）。此外，HDCA增强了猪背膘中武田G蛋白偶联受体5蛋白和激素敏感脂肪酶（HSL）基因的表达（P<0.05），并在体外增加了磷酸化HSL（p-HSL）的蛋白表达（P=0.093）。与HDCA相比，添加LCA增加了猪背膘中过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ的基因和蛋白表达（P<0.05），并增强了肝脏中固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1c和脂肪酸合酶的表达（P<0.05）。总之，HDCA增强了育肥猪的脂肪分解并部分降低了背膘厚度，而LCA促进了脂质合成并增加了猪的背膘厚度。各种胆汁酸对胆汁酸受体作用的差异可以解释这些功能差异。
