Nikitin Vladimir N, Merkuleva Iuliia A, Shcherbakov Dmitriy N
State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo 630559, Russia.
Antibodies (Basel). 2025 Feb 26;14(1):20. doi: 10.3390/antib14010020.
The rapid rise in monkeypox virus infections among humans from 2022 to 2024 has captured the attention of the global healthcare community. In light of the lack of mandatory vaccination and limited data on next-generation vaccines for monkeypox prevention, the urgent development of therapeutic agents has become a priority. One promising approach involves the use of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. This review highlights significant advancements in the search for antibodies against human pathogenic orthopoxviruses, particularly focusing on their potential application against the monkeypox virus. We also analyze viral proteins that serve as targets for identifying therapeutic antibodies capable of neutralizing a wide range of viruses. Finally, we deemed it essential to address the challenges associated with selecting an animal model that can adequately reflect the infectious process of each orthopoxvirus species in humans.
2022年至2024年期间，猴痘病毒在人类中的感染率迅速上升，引起了全球医疗界的关注。鉴于缺乏强制性疫苗接种以及用于预防猴痘的下一代疫苗的数据有限，治疗药物的紧急研发已成为当务之急。一种有前景的方法是使用中和单克隆抗体。本综述重点介绍了在寻找针对人类致病性正痘病毒的抗体方面取得的重大进展，尤其关注其在对抗猴痘病毒方面的潜在应用。我们还分析了作为鉴定能够中和多种病毒的治疗性抗体靶点的病毒蛋白。最后，我们认为必须应对选择一种能够充分反映每种正痘病毒在人类中感染过程的动物模型所面临的挑战。
