天花、猴痘和其他人类正痘病毒感染。
Smallpox, Monkeypox and Other Human Orthopoxvirus Infections.
机构信息
State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, 630559 Novosibirsk, Russia.
出版信息
Viruses. 2022 Dec 29;15(1):103. doi: 10.3390/v15010103.
Considering that vaccination against smallpox with live vaccinia virus led to serious adverse effects in some cases, the WHO, after declaration of the global eradication of smallpox in 1980, strongly recommended to discontinue the vaccination in all countries. This led to the loss of immunity against not only smallpox but also other zoonotic orthopoxvirus infections in humans over the past years. An increasing number of human infections with zoonotic orthopoxviruses and, first of all, monkeypox, force us to reconsider a possible re-emergence of smallpox or a similar disease as a result of natural evolution of these viruses. The review contains a brief analysis of the results of studies on genomic organization and evolution of human pathogenic orthopoxviruses, development of modern methods for diagnosis, vaccination, and chemotherapy of smallpox, monkeypox, and other zoonotic human orthopoxvirus infections.
考虑到接种天花活疫苗在某些情况下会导致严重的不良反应，世界卫生组织在 1980 年宣布全球消灭天花后，强烈建议所有国家停止接种疫苗。这导致过去几年人类不仅对天花而且对其他人畜共患正痘病毒感染失去了免疫力。越来越多的人感染了人畜共患正痘病毒，首先是猴痘，这迫使我们重新考虑这些病毒自然进化可能导致天花或类似疾病再次出现的可能性。本文简要分析了人类致病性正痘病毒的基因组结构和进化、现代天花、猴痘和其他人畜共患正痘病毒感染的诊断、疫苗接种和化疗方法的研究结果。
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