Taglieri Martina, Di Gregorio Linda, Matis Serena, Uras Chiara Rosa Maria, Ardy Massimo, Casati Sara, Marchese Monica, Poggi Alessandro, Raffaghello Lizzia, Benelli Roberto
IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale "Gaetano Salvatore" CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Cells. 2025 Mar 19;14(6):457. doi: 10.3390/cells14060457.
Colorectal epithelium was the first long-term 3D organoid culture established in vitro. Identification of the key components essential for the long-term survival of the stem cell niche allowed an indefinite propagation of these cultures and the modulation of their differentiation into various lineages of mature intestinal epithelial cells. While these methods were eventually adapted to establish organoids from different organs, colorectal organoids remain a pioneering model for the development of new applications in health and disease. Several basic and applicative aspects of organoid culture, modeling, monitoring and testing are analyzed in this review. We also tackle the ethical problems of biobanking and distribution of these precious research tools, frequently confined in the laboratory of origin or condemned to destruction at the end of the project.
结肠直肠上皮是首个在体外建立的长期三维类器官培养体系。对干细胞生态位长期存活所必需的关键成分的鉴定，使得这些培养物能够无限增殖，并调控其分化为成熟肠上皮细胞的各种谱系。虽然这些方法最终被用于从不同器官建立类器官，但结肠直肠类器官仍然是健康与疾病新应用开发的先驱模型。本综述分析了类器官培养、建模、监测和测试的几个基础及应用方面。我们还探讨了这些珍贵研究工具的生物样本库建设及分发所涉及的伦理问题，这些工具常常局限于原始实验室，或在项目结束时被销毁。
