Caiati Carlo, Arrigoni Roberto, Stanca Alessandro, Lepera Mario Erminio
Unit of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), 70124 Bari, Italy.
Metabolites. 2025 Mar 11;15(3):191. doi: 10.3390/metabo15030191.
Cardiovascular drugs are widely used for the prevention and treatment of various cardiac and vascular disorders. However, some of these drugs can also cause adverse effects on the kidney, leading to acute or chronic renal dysfunction, electrolyte imbalances, and increased mortality. The mechanisms of drug-induced renal toxicity vary depending on the type and class of the drug, the dose and duration of exposure, and the patient's characteristics and comorbidities. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the renal effects of some common cardiovascular drugs, such as diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, and statins and proton-pump inhibitors. We also discuss the clinical implications and management strategies for preventing or minimizing drug-induced nephrotoxicity, as well as the potential role of oxidative stress in its pathogenesis.
心血管药物广泛用于预防和治疗各种心脏和血管疾病。然而，其中一些药物也可能对肾脏产生不良影响，导致急性或慢性肾功能不全、电解质失衡和死亡率增加。药物性肾毒性的机制因药物的类型和类别、暴露的剂量和持续时间以及患者的特征和合并症而异。在本综述中，我们总结了一些常见心血管药物对肾脏影响的现有知识，如利尿剂、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、血管紧张素受体阻滞剂、钙通道阻滞剂、β受体阻滞剂、抗血小板药物、抗凝剂、他汀类药物和质子泵抑制剂。我们还讨论了预防或最小化药物性肾毒性的临床意义和管理策略，以及氧化应激在其发病机制中的潜在作用。
