Baruah Anisha, Bora Popy, Damodaran Thukkaram, Saikia Bishal, Manoharan Muthukumar, Patil Prakash, Bhattacharyya Ashok, Saikia Ankita, Kumar Alok, Kumari Sangeeta, Talukdar Juri, Dey Utpal, Ahmed Shenaz Sultana, Rahman Naseema, Nath Bharat Chandra, Tabing Ruthy, Kumar Sandeep
Biocontrol Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat 785013, India.
ICAR-Central Institute of Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow 226002, India.
J Fungi (Basel). 2025 Mar 4;11(3):195. doi: 10.3390/jof11030195.
Fusarium wilt, caused by f. sp. (Foc), is recognized as one of the most devastating diseases affecting banana cultivation worldwide. In India, Foc extensively affects Malbhog banana (AAB genomic group) production. In this study, we isolated 25 Foc isolates from wilt-affected Malbhog plantations inIndia. A pathogenicity test confirmed the identity of these isolates as Foc, the primary causative agent of wilt in bananas. The morpho-cultural characterization of Foc isolates showed large variations in colony morphological features, intensity, and pattern of pigmentation, chlamydospores, and conidial size. The molecular identification of these isolates using Race1- and Race4-specific primers established their identity as Race1 of Foc, with the absence of Tropical Race 4 of Foc. For a more comprehensive understanding of the genetic diversity of Foc isolates, we employed ISSR molecular typing, which revealed five major clusters. About 96% of the diversity within the Foc population indicated the presence of polymorphic loci in individuals of a given population evident from the results of Nei's genetic diversity, Shannon's information index, and the polymorphism information content values, apart from the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). The current findings provide significant insights toward the detection of Foc variants and, consequently, the deployment of effective management practices to keep the possible epidemic development of disease under control along the Malbhog banana growing belts of northeast India.
由尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型（Foc）引起的枯萎病，被认为是影响全球香蕉种植的最具毁灭性的病害之一。在印度，Foc广泛影响马尔布霍格香蕉（AAB基因组群）的生产。在本研究中，我们从印度受枯萎病影响的马尔布霍格种植园中分离出25株Foc菌株。致病性测试证实这些菌株为Foc，即香蕉枯萎病的主要致病因子。Foc菌株的形态培养特征显示，菌落形态特征、色素沉着强度和模式、厚垣孢子以及分生孢子大小存在很大差异。使用Race1和Race4特异性引物对这些菌株进行分子鉴定，确定它们为Foc的Race1，不存在Foc的热带4号小种。为了更全面地了解Foc菌株的遗传多样性，我们采用了ISSR分子分型，结果显示有五个主要聚类。除分子方差分析（AMOVA）外，从Nei氏遗传多样性、香农信息指数和多态性信息含量值的结果可以明显看出，Foc群体中约96%的多样性表明给定群体个体中存在多态性位点。目前的研究结果为检测Foc变种提供了重要见解，从而有助于采取有效的管理措施，控制印度东北部马尔布霍格香蕉种植带可能出现的病害流行发展。
