Górski Bartłomiej, Brodzikowska Aniela, Nijakowski Kacper, Sanz Mariano
Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
J Funct Biomater. 2025 Mar 10;16(3):95. doi: 10.3390/jfb16030095.
The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of the guided tissue regeneration (GTR) of periodontal infrabony defects using the frozen radiation-sterilized allogenic bone graft (FRSABG) versus deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) 5 years after treatment. The association between patients' compliance and periodontitis recurrence with 5-year outcomes was also evaluated. Thirty infrabony defects in 15 stage III/IV periodontitis patients were randomly allocated to the FRSBAG group (tests) or the DBBM group (controls). Between 1 and 5 years, one patient was lost to follow-up and one tooth was extracted due to root fracture. No tooth was extracted for periodontal reasons. Consequently, 13 teeth in test sites and 14 teeth in control sites were available for the 5-year analysis. The clinical attachment level gain (CAL-G, primary outcome), probing pocket depth (PPD), radiographic defect depth (DD), and linear defect fill (LDF) were examined at baseline and 5 years post-surgically. Both groups showed statistically significant improvements in all evaluated clinical and radiographic parameters at 5 years, with insignificant intergroup differences. CAL-Gs were 4.46 ± 2.07 mm in the FRSBAG group, and 3.86 ± 1.88 mm in the DBBM group ( = 0.5442). In six (43%) patients, we observed periodontitis recurrence, among whom two (33.33%) participated regularly in supportive periodontal care (SPC) and the other four (66.7%) did not take part in SPC. A regression analysis revealed that periodontitis recurrence was a significant predictor of CAL loss and DD increase. FRSBAG and DBBM were both equally effective 5 years after the GTR of infrabony defects. Within the limitations of the present study, its outcomes advocate that both grafts may be considered as a viable option based on patient preferences and clinical considerations.
本研究的目的是比较治疗5年后，使用冷冻辐射灭菌同种异体骨移植（FRSABG）与脱蛋白牛骨矿物质（DBBM）引导组织再生（GTR）治疗牙周骨下袋缺损的疗效。还评估了患者依从性与5年随访牙周炎复发之间的关联。15例III/IV期牙周炎患者的30处骨下袋缺损被随机分配至FRSBAG组（试验组）或DBBM组（对照组）。在1至5年期间，1例患者失访，1颗牙齿因根折被拔除。没有牙齿因牙周原因被拔除。因此，试验组13颗牙齿和对照组14颗牙齿可用于5年分析。在基线和术后5年检查临床附着水平增加量（CAL-G，主要结局）、探诊深度（PPD）、影像学缺损深度（DD）和线性缺损填充（LDF）。两组在术后5年时，所有评估的临床和影像学参数均有统计学意义的改善，组间差异无统计学意义。FRSBAG组的CAL-G为4.46±2.07mm，DBBM组为3.86±1.88mm（P = 0.5442）。在6例（43%）患者中，我们观察到牙周炎复发，其中2例（33.33%）定期接受牙周支持治疗（SPC），另外4例（66.7%）未参与SPC。回归分析显示，牙周炎复发是CAL丧失和DD增加的重要预测因素。在骨下袋缺损GTR术后5年，FRSBAG和DBBM同样有效。在本研究的局限性内，其结果表明，根据患者偏好和临床考虑，两种移植物均可被视为可行的选择。
