Martinez Kercher Vanessa M, Goss Janelle M, Watkins Janette M, Phillips Liam A, Roy Brad A, Dow James F, Golzarri-Arroyo Lilian, Kercher Kyle A
Department of Health & Wellness Design, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
Sports (Basel). 2025 Mar 14;13(3):88. doi: 10.3390/sports13030088.
Despite the well-established physical benefits of resistance training (RT), only 31% of U.S. adults meet RT guidelines, with women participating at lower rates. While the physiological aspects of RT are well researched, less is known about the psychological factors, such as affective responses (e.g., enjoyment, energy). This study explored the relationships between self-efficacy, self-determined motivation, affective responses, and adherence in a 16-week barbell-based RT program.
A prospective longitudinal study was conducted with 43 adults (M age = 45.09 ± 10.7, 81.8% female) enrolled in a community-based RT program. Affective responses were measured pre- and post-training, within RT sessions, and over time. Repeated-measures ANOVA and correlational analyses were used to examine relationships between psychological variables, affective responses, and adherence to the program.
Participants reported significant improvements in positive affective responses post-training and across the program's duration. Self-efficacy and intrinsic motivation were positively associated with higher affective responses and greater adherence. Strength exercises elicited more positive affects compared to power exercises, and lifting heavier relative loads was correlated with more favorable emotional outcomes.
The study highlights the importance of psychological factors, such as self-efficacy and motivation, in the relationship of affective responses to RT.
尽管抗阻训练（RT）对身体的益处已得到充分证实，但美国只有31%的成年人达到了抗阻训练指南的要求，女性参与率更低。虽然抗阻训练的生理方面已得到充分研究，但对于心理因素，如情感反应（如愉悦感、活力）的了解较少。本研究探讨了在一项为期16周的以杠铃训练为主的抗阻训练计划中，自我效能感、自我决定动机、情感反应和坚持训练之间的关系。
对43名成年人（年龄中位数 = 45.09 ± 10.7，81.8%为女性）进行了一项前瞻性纵向研究，这些成年人参加了一个基于社区的抗阻训练计划。在训练前、训练后、训练期间以及随时间推移测量情感反应。采用重复测量方差分析和相关分析来检验心理变量、情感反应和训练计划坚持情况之间的关系。
参与者报告称，训练后以及在整个训练计划期间，积极情感反应有显著改善。自我效能感和内在动机与更高的情感反应和更强的坚持训练程度呈正相关。与力量训练相比，力量练习引发了更多积极情感，举起相对更重的负荷与更有利的情绪结果相关。
该研究强调了自我效能感和动机等心理因素在情感反应与抗阻训练关系中的重要性。
