Silveira Sylvia R, Collet Loann, Haque Sahil M, Lapierre Luc, Bagniewska-Zadworna Agnieszka, Smith Richard S, Gosselin Frederick P, Routier-Kierzkowska Anne-Lise, Kierzkowski Daniel
Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Department of General Botany, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland.
Nat Plants. 2025 Apr;11(4):909-923. doi: 10.1038/s41477-025-01944-8. Epub 2025 Mar 26.
Differential growth between tissues generates mechanical conflicts influencing organogenesis in plants. Here we use the anther, the male floral reproductive organ, as a model system to understand how cell dynamics and tissue-scale mechanics control 3D morphogenesis of a complex shape. Combining deep live-cell imaging, growth analysis, osmotic treatments, genetics and mechanical modelling, we show that localized expansion of internal cells actively drives anther lobe outgrowth, while the epidermis stretches in response. At later stages, mechanical load is transferred to the sub-epidermal layer (endothecium), contributing to proper organ shape. We propose the concept of 'inflation potential', encapsulating mechanical and anatomical features causing differential growth. Our data emphasize the active mechanical role of inner tissue in controlling both organ shape acquisition and cell dynamics in outer layers.
组织间的差异生长会产生影响植物器官发生的机械冲突。在此，我们以雄性花生殖器官花药作为模型系统，来了解细胞动态和组织尺度力学如何控制复杂形状的三维形态发生。通过结合深度活细胞成像、生长分析、渗透处理、遗传学和力学建模，我们发现内部细胞的局部扩张积极推动花药裂片向外生长，而表皮则相应伸展。在后期，机械负荷转移到表皮下的一层（药室内壁），有助于形成合适的器官形状。我们提出了“膨胀潜力”的概念，涵盖了导致差异生长的机械和解剖学特征。我们的数据强调了内部组织在控制器官形状形成和外层细胞动态方面的积极机械作用。
