Tur Dino, Tian Zhiwei, Giannis Katharina, Unger Ewald, Mittlboeck Martina, Rausch-Fan Xiaohui, Strbac Georg D
Clinical Division of Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Mar 13;18(6):1277. doi: 10.3390/ma18061277.
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the differences in heat generation across the drilling techniques, depths, and irrigation conditions of static computer-assisted implant surgery (S-CAIS) and conventional implant preparation (CIP) using a standardized bone model for comparative investigation. A total of 240 automated intermittent experimental procedures of 10 and 12 mm drilling depths were performed during S-CAIS and CIP using stainless steel twist drills of three drill diameters (2.2, 2.8, and 3.5 mm) and two irrigation modes (without/external cooling) at room temperature. Temperature changes were recorded in real time using multiple temperature sensors in two distances to the osteotomy site. For comparison, a linear mixed model was fitted. The level of statistical significance was set at α = 0.05. Comparing the two surgical techniques, significant temperature differences could be observed using 3.5 mm drills: CIP yielded statistically higher temperatures during 10 and 12 mm drilling without irrigation ( = 0.0115 and = 0.0253, respectively), while statistically higher temperatures were observed with S-CAIS and external irrigation at a 12 mm drilling depth ( = 0.0101). This standardized in vitro investigation demonstrated the impact of surgical technique, drilling depth, and irrigation mode on heat generation, indicating differences especially in drills of larger diameter.
本体外研究的目的是使用标准化骨模型进行对比研究，评估静态计算机辅助种植手术（S-CAIS）和传统种植体预备（CIP）在钻孔技术、深度和冲洗条件方面产热的差异。在S-CAIS和CIP过程中，使用三种钻头直径（2.2、2.8和3.5毫米）的不锈钢麻花钻，在室温下以两种冲洗模式（无冲洗/外部冷却），对10毫米和12毫米的钻孔深度进行了总共240次自动间歇性实验操作。使用多个温度传感器在距截骨部位两个距离处实时记录温度变化。为了进行比较，拟合了线性混合模型。统计显著性水平设定为α = 0.05。比较两种手术技术，使用3.5毫米钻头时可观察到显著的温度差异：在10毫米和12毫米钻孔且无冲洗时，CIP产生的温度在统计学上更高（分别为 = 0.0115和 = 0.0253），而在12毫米钻孔深度且采用S-CAIS和外部冲洗时，观察到统计学上更高的温度（ = 0.0101）。这项标准化的体外研究证明了手术技术、钻孔深度和冲洗模式对产热的影响，表明特别是在较大直径的钻头中存在差异。
